Question

Враги юстиниана и харуна ар-рашида.даю 15 б

Answer 1

Харун Ар-Рашид воевал с Византией и  Ираном.
Юстиниана - Иран (Персия).

Answer 2

Enemies of Justinian and Harun al-Rashid

Justinian I was the Byzantine Emperor who ruled from 527 to 565, while Harun al-Rashid was the fifth Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 786 to 809. Both rulers faced various enemies during their reigns. Let's explore some of their adversaries:

Enemies of Justinian I: 1. The Ostrogoths: Justinian's reign was marked by the reconquest of the Western Roman Empire. One of his major enemies was the Ostrogothic Kingdom, led by King Totila. The Byzantine Empire and the Ostrogoths engaged in a series of wars known as the Gothic Wars, which lasted from 535 to 554. The conflict ended with the Byzantine victory and the reestablishment of Byzantine control over Italy. 2. The Vandals: Another enemy of Justinian was the Vandal Kingdom in North Africa, led by King Gelimer. In 533, Justinian launched an expedition to retake North Africa, known as the Vandalic War. The Byzantine forces, led by General Belisarius, defeated the Vandals and incorporated their kingdom into the Byzantine Empire. 3. The Persians: Justinian also faced conflicts with the Sassanian Persian Empire. The Byzantine-Persian Wars, which had been ongoing for centuries, continued during Justinian's reign. The wars involved territorial disputes and power struggles in the eastern regions of the Byzantine Empire. The conflict ended with a peace treaty in 562, which established the status quo ante bellum.

Enemies of Harun al-Rashid: 1. The Byzantine Empire: During Harun al-Rashid's reign, the Abbasid Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire were engaged in frequent conflicts. The Byzantines, led by Emperor Nikephoros I, launched several military campaigns against the Abbasids. These conflicts were primarily fought over control of border territories and trade routes. 2. The Khazars: The Khazars, a Turkic nomadic people, posed a significant threat to the Abbasid Caliphate during Harun al-Rashid's reign. The Khazars controlled a vast territory in the Caucasus region and frequently clashed with the Abbasids over territorial disputes and control of trade routes. 3. Internal Revolts: Harun al-Rashid also faced internal revolts and uprisings during his reign. One notable rebellion was led by his own son, Al-Amin, who sought to challenge his father's authority. The conflict between Harun al-Rashid and Al-Amin resulted in a civil war known as the Fourth Fitna, which lasted from 809 to 813.

Please note that the information provided above is based on search results and may not cover all possible enemies or adversaries of Justinian I and Harun al-Rashid.