Question

ДАЮ 20 БАЛЛОВ! как была устроена персидская держава? каково было положение покорённых персами стран?/

Answer 1

Впервые персы упоминаются в ассирийских надписях IX в. до н. э. в области Парсуа к югу и юго-западу от озера Урмии, откуда на рубеже IX—VIII вв. они передвинулись на юг и к VII в. до н. э. заняли исконную эламскую территорию на юго-западе и юге Ирана, которая по их имени получила название Персия. В конце VIII в. до н. э. персы составляли племенной союз, возглавляемый вождями из знатного рода Ахеменидов. Постепенно персы стали расширять свою территорию, занимая все новые эламские области. Однако, когда в 639 г. до н. э. ассирийцы нанесли поражение Эламу, царь персов Кир I признал власть Ассирии. Приблизительно с 600 по 559 г. до н. э. в Персии царствовал Камбиз I,

Answer 2

The Persian Empire

The Persian Empire, also known as the Achaemenid Empire, was one of the most significant ancient empires in history. It was founded by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BCE and lasted until the conquest by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BCE.

Organization of the Persian Empire The Persian Empire was a vast and diverse empire that spanned across three continents, including modern-day Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey, and parts of Central Asia. It was organized into provinces called satrapies, each governed by a satrap who acted as a local administrator on behalf of the Persian king.

Administration and Governance The Persian Empire had a centralized administration with a strong bureaucracy. The king, known as the Great King or the King of Kings, held absolute power and was considered divine. The king's court included various officials, such as the chancellor, treasurer, and military commanders, who assisted in governing the empire.

Religious and Cultural Diversity The Persian Empire was known for its tolerance towards different religions and cultures. While the Persians practiced Zoroastrianism, they allowed the people in their empire to practice their own religions. This policy of religious tolerance helped maintain stability within the empire.

Treatment of Conquered Lands When the Persians conquered new territories, they generally allowed the local populations to retain their customs, laws, and religions. They often appointed local rulers or governors to maintain order and collect taxes. This policy of respecting local traditions helped to prevent widespread rebellion and facilitated the integration of diverse regions into the empire.

Infrastructure and Trade The Persian Empire invested heavily in infrastructure, including the construction of roads, bridges, and irrigation systems. This facilitated trade and communication throughout the empire, contributing to its economic prosperity. The Royal Road, for example, was a major trade route that connected the capital city of Susa to Sardis in Anatolia.

Legacy of the Persian Empire The Persian Empire left a lasting impact on the regions it conquered. Its administrative system, influenced by the Assyrians and Babylonians, served as a model for later empires, including the Seleucid and Parthian Empires. The Persian Empire also played a significant role in the spread of ideas, trade, and cultural exchange between the East and the West.

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