Question

Используя карту (стр. 164), ответьте: объединение (или союз) каких стран и территорий Латинской Америки было бы наиболее логичным? Почему попытки такого объединения в 19 веке заканчивались неудачно?

Answer 1

Было бы логично если бы страны Латинской Америки объединялись друг с другом по принципу территориальности. Например, Мексика с Гватемалой, Гондурасом, Сальвадором, Никарагуа, Коста-Рикой, Панамой. А Бразилия с ближайшими к себе странами: Венесуэлой, Говианой, Колумбией, Эквадором, Перу, Боливией, Чили, Аргентиной, Уругваем и т.д. Но в то время это было невозможно, потому что после обретения независимости эти страны начали воевать друг с другом по причине разногласий. Многие были недовольны тем, после завоевания независимости господствующее положение досталось креольской знати. Конфликты нередко возникали и по поводу формы государственного устройства молодых стран. Большинство населения поддерживали республиканцев, но и сторонников монархии было немало.

Answer 2

The Most Logical Union of Countries and Territories in Latin America

According to the map on page 164, the most logical union or alliance of countries and territories in Latin America would be the formation of a united Central American federation. This federation would include countries such as Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. These countries share geographical proximity, cultural similarities, and historical ties, making a union between them more feasible and logical.

Attempts at Union in the 19th Century

However, attempts at such a union in the 19th century ended unsuccessfully for several reasons. One of the main challenges was the lack of consensus among the different regions and political leaders regarding the terms and conditions of the union. Each region had its own interests, priorities, and concerns, which made it difficult to reach a common agreement.

Additionally, there were conflicts and rivalries between the different countries and territories. These conflicts often stemmed from historical disputes, territorial claims, and power struggles. The lack of trust and cooperation among the leaders of these nations hindered the progress towards a successful union.

Furthermore, external influences and interventions also played a role in the failure of these attempts. Powerful nations, such as the United States and European powers, had their own interests in the region and often interfered in the internal affairs of Latin American countries. These interventions created divisions and conflicts, making it even more challenging to achieve a unified union.

Economic factors also contributed to the failure of these attempts. The countries in Latin America had different economic systems, levels of development, and resources. Disparities in wealth and economic interests created tensions and disagreements, making it difficult to establish a common economic framework for the union.

Overall, the attempts at forming a united Latin American union in the 19th century were hindered by internal divisions, external interventions, conflicting interests, and economic disparities. These factors made it challenging to achieve a consensus and overcome the obstacles to a successful union.

Note: The sources provided do not directly address the question. Therefore, the answer is based on general knowledge and understanding of Latin American history.