Question

Отметьте реформу Петра 1 в социально -экономической области : 1)ограничение местничества 2)отмена кормлений 3)отмена цеховой системы 4) введение подушной подати

Answer 1

Конечно введение подушной подати(4)

Answer 2

Reform of Peter the Great in the Socio-Economic Sphere

During his reign, Peter the Great implemented several reforms in the socio-economic sphere in Russia. These reforms aimed to modernize the country and bring it closer to Western standards. Let's explore some of the key reforms:

1) Limitation of Mestnichestvo (Mestnichestvo Restriction): Mestnichestvo was a system of rank and privilege based on seniority in service. Peter the Great limited the influence of Mestnichestvo by introducing the Table of Ranks in 1722. This new system allowed individuals to rise in rank based on merit and service to the state, rather than solely on their noble birth or seniority.

2) Abolition of Kormlenie (Feeding System): The feeding system, known as Kormlenie, was a practice where the state provided financial support to the nobility in exchange for their loyalty and service. Peter the Great abolished this system, aiming to reduce the burden on the state treasury and promote self-sufficiency among the nobility.

3) Abolition of the Guild System: Peter the Great also abolished the guild system, which had been in place since the Middle Ages. The guilds controlled various trades and crafts, imposing strict regulations and limiting competition. By abolishing the guild system, Peter aimed to encourage entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic growth.

4) Introduction of the Poll Tax (Podushnaya Podat): One of the significant reforms introduced by Peter the Great was the introduction of the poll tax. This tax was levied on each individual, regardless of their social status or wealth. The poll tax aimed to create a more equitable tax system and generate revenue for the state.

These reforms implemented by Peter the Great in the socio-economic sphere were part of his broader efforts to modernize Russia and strengthen its position on the international stage. They aimed to break down traditional structures, promote meritocracy, and stimulate economic development.

Please note that the information provided is based on search snippets and may not cover all aspects of the reforms. For a more comprehensive understanding, it is recommended to refer to additional sources.