Question

Результаты действия кардинала ришелье

Answer 1

Эдикт о разрушении замков знати,что усилило королевскую власть.
Восстановил единство Франции.
Издал первую газету.
Вывел Францию из экономического кризиса.
Эдикт милости.-подтверждение прав гугенотов

Answer 2

Cardinal Richelieu's Actions and Results

Cardinal Richelieu, also known as Armand-Jean du Plessis, was a prominent figure in French history who served as the chief minister to King Louis XIII from 1624 until his death in 1642. He played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of France during his time in power. Let's explore some of Cardinal Richelieu's actions and their results:

1. Strengthening the Monarchy: One of Cardinal Richelieu's primary goals was to consolidate and strengthen the power of the French monarchy. He believed in the concept of absolute monarchy and worked towards centralizing power in the hands of the king. Richelieu implemented various policies to achieve this, including:

- Suppressing Noble Rebellions: Richelieu took decisive action against the Huguenots, who were French Protestants, and the nobles who opposed the monarchy. He suppressed several rebellions, such as the Huguenot uprising in La Rochelle, which helped establish the authority of the king.

- Weakening the Nobility: Richelieu aimed to diminish the power of the nobility, who often challenged the authority of the monarchy. He implemented policies that curtailed their influence, such as reducing their military privileges and increasing royal control over local governance.

- Establishing Intendants: Richelieu created a system of intendants, who were royal officials appointed to oversee the provinces. This allowed the central government to exert direct control over local administration and reduced the power of regional nobles.

2. Foreign Policy: Cardinal Richelieu also played a crucial role in shaping France's foreign policy during his tenure. He aimed to elevate France's status as a dominant European power and protect its interests. Some of his notable actions include:

- Thirty Years' War: Richelieu intervened in the Thirty Years' War, a complex conflict that involved various European powers. He supported Protestant states against the Catholic Habsburgs, primarily to weaken the Habsburg influence in Europe and maintain a balance of power. Richelieu's involvement in the war helped establish France as a major player on the European stage.

- Treaty of Westphalia: Richelieu's efforts in the Thirty Years' War culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. This treaty marked the end of the war and brought significant territorial and political changes to Europe. It solidified France's position as a leading power and secured territorial gains for the French crown.

3. Cultural and Intellectual Patronage: In addition to his political and foreign policy endeavors, Cardinal Richelieu was a patron of the arts and sciences. He supported various cultural and intellectual initiatives, which had a lasting impact on French society. Some notable actions include:

- Foundation of the French Academy: Richelieu played a key role in establishing the French Academy in 1635. This prestigious institution aimed to promote and regulate the French language and literature. It continues to exist today as one of the most influential academies in the world.

- Support for the Arts: Richelieu was a significant patron of the arts and sponsored numerous artists, writers, and playwrights. He played a crucial role in the development of French drama and theater, supporting renowned playwrights like Pierre Corneille and establishing the first permanent theater in Paris, the Théâtre du Marais.

Overall, Cardinal Richelieu's actions had a profound impact on France's political, foreign, and cultural landscape. He successfully strengthened the monarchy, expanded France's influence in Europe, and supported the arts and sciences. His legacy as a powerful statesman and influential patron continues to be recognized to this day.