Question

Помогите плиззз даю 51 балллл сравните Лютера и Кальвина прошууу до завтра нааадоооо!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!люди!!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 1

 В Лютеранской церкви:
Верующие должны были читать священные книги, верить в Бога и спасение. Священник должен был пояснять смысл библии. Главой Лютеранской церкви был правитель гос-ва. Чаще всего богослужения велись на немецком языке и Лютеранские церкви отличались своей скромностью, были без икон и скульртур.
В Кальвинистской церкви:
Верующие не могли спастись от судьбы определенной Богом. В церкви не было верховной власти, но проповедники следовали за нравственностью верующих.

Answer 2

Comparison of Martin Luther and John Calvin

Martin Luther and John Calvin were two influential figures in the Protestant Reformation, a movement that aimed to reform the Catholic Church in the 16th century. While they shared some similarities in their beliefs and goals, there were also significant differences between them. Let's compare Luther and Calvin in terms of their backgrounds, theological beliefs, and impact on the Reformation.

Background

Martin Luther was a German monk and theologian. He was born in 1483 and became a professor of theology at the University of Wittenberg. Luther's dissatisfaction with the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the sale of indulgences, led him to write the famous "95 Theses" in 1517. This act is often seen as the starting point of the Reformation.

John Calvin, on the other hand, was a French theologian and pastor. He was born in 1509 and studied law before becoming involved in the Reformation movement. Calvin's most significant work, "Institutes of the Christian Religion," published in 1536, became a foundational text for Reformed theology.

Theological Beliefs

Martin Luther emphasized the concept of justification by faith alone, known as "sola fide." He believed that salvation was a gift from God and could not be earned through good works. Luther also rejected the authority of the Pope and emphasized the importance of individual interpretation of the Bible.

John Calvin developed the theological system known as Calvinism or Reformed theology. He emphasized the sovereignty of God and the idea of predestination. According to Calvin, God has predetermined who will be saved and who will be damned. Calvin also believed in the authority of the Bible and the importance of living a disciplined and moral life.

Impact on the Reformation

Both Luther and Calvin played significant roles in the Protestant Reformation, but their impact differed in some ways.

Martin Luther is often credited with sparking the Reformation with his "95 Theses" and his translation of the Bible into German. His teachings and writings spread rapidly throughout Europe, leading to the establishment of Lutheran churches in many countries. Luther's emphasis on individual interpretation of the Bible and the priesthood of all believers laid the foundation for Protestantism.

John Calvin had a profound impact on the development of Reformed theology. His ideas spread throughout Europe, particularly in Switzerland, the Netherlands, Scotland, and parts of France. Calvin's emphasis on the sovereignty of God and the idea of predestination influenced many Protestant denominations, including Presbyterianism and the Dutch Reformed Church.

Conclusion

In summary, Martin Luther and John Calvin were both influential figures in the Protestant Reformation. While Luther emphasized justification by faith alone and individual interpretation of the Bible, Calvin developed the theological system known as Calvinism, which emphasized the sovereignty of God and the idea of predestination. Both Luther and Calvin played significant roles in shaping the Reformation and had a lasting impact on Protestant Christianity.

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