Question

Объяснить,как Демократическая партия намеревалась преодолеть кризис1929-1932 г.

Answer 1

В этой обстановке осенью 1932 г. на президентских выборах победил кандидат от демократической партии Ф. Рузвельт.Свою президентскую политику Рузвельт назвал новым курсом. Его основной идеей было введение «конституционного экономического порядка». Новая администрация начала с укрепления банковской системы страны за счёт поддержки крупных банков, сосредоточения в руках государства всего золотого запаса США, девальвации доллара. Одним из первых был принят закон о регулировании сельского хозяйства (ААА), согласно которому оказывалась государственная помощь фермерам.

Answer 2

The Democratic Party's Approach to Overcoming the Crisis of 1929-1932

The Democratic Party in the United States faced the challenge of addressing the severe economic crisis that occurred between 1929 and 1932, commonly known as the Great Depression. During this period, the country experienced a significant decline in economic activity, high unemployment rates, and widespread poverty. The Democratic Party, under the leadership of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, implemented a series of policies and programs aimed at alleviating the effects of the crisis and promoting economic recovery.

1. The New Deal: The cornerstone of the Democratic Party's approach to overcoming the crisis was the implementation of the New Deal. The New Deal was a set of domestic policies and programs introduced by President Roosevelt between 1933 and 1938. Its primary goal was to provide relief, recovery, and reform to the American people and the economy.

2. Relief Programs: The Democratic Party focused on providing immediate relief to those affected by the crisis. They implemented various relief programs to address unemployment, poverty, and homelessness. These programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), which provided employment opportunities for young men in conservation projects, and the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), which provided direct financial assistance to those in need.

3. Recovery Measures: To promote economic recovery, the Democratic Party implemented measures aimed at stimulating economic activity and restoring confidence in the financial system. They established the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which created jobs through public works projects, and the National Recovery Administration (NRA), which aimed to stabilize prices and wages and promote fair competition.

4. Financial Reforms: The Democratic Party recognized the need for financial reforms to prevent future economic crises. They passed the Glass-Steagall Act, which separated commercial and investment banking, and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to protect bank deposits. These measures aimed to restore confidence in the banking system and prevent bank failures.

5. Agricultural Programs: The Democratic Party also implemented programs to address the crisis in the agricultural sector. They introduced the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), which aimed to stabilize agricultural prices by reducing production and providing subsidies to farmers. The AAA sought to address the issue of overproduction and falling prices that had plagued farmers during the crisis.

6. Labor Reforms: Recognizing the need to protect workers' rights and improve labor conditions, the Democratic Party implemented labor reforms. They passed the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), also known as the Wagner Act, which protected workers' rights to organize and bargain collectively. This act aimed to address the power imbalance between employers and workers and promote fair labor practices.

7. Social Security: One of the most significant achievements of the Democratic Party during this period was the establishment of the Social Security system. The Social Security Act of 1935 provided a safety net for the elderly, unemployed, and disabled through the creation of a federal pension system and unemployment insurance.

Overall, the Democratic Party's approach to overcoming the crisis of 1929-1932 focused on providing immediate relief, promoting economic recovery, implementing financial reforms, addressing agricultural issues, improving labor conditions, and establishing a social safety net. These efforts aimed to alleviate the effects of the crisis and lay the foundation for long-term economic stability and prosperity.