Question

Помогите, сопоставить причины смуты и причины ее окончания россии 17 века! ​

Answer 1

Причины смуты:

-недовольство служилых людей

-пресечение династии Рюриковичей

-отмена Юрьева дня

-социальный кризис и голод

_ _ _ _

В 1613 году после изгнания Польской армии из России на престол взошёл М.Ф.Романов. Он стал первым в династии Романовых, которая царствовала в России вплоть до начала ХХ века.

Answer 2

Causes of the Turmoil in 17th Century Russia

The 17th century in Russia was marked by significant political, social, and economic turmoil. Several factors contributed to this unrest. Here are some of the key causes:

1. Political Instability: The political landscape in 17th century Russia was characterized by power struggles, succession disputes, and weak central authority. The period saw the end of the Rurik dynasty and the beginning of the Romanov dynasty, which faced challenges in consolidating power and establishing stability.

2. Social and Economic Inequality: The Russian society of the 17th century was highly stratified, with a small elite class enjoying privileges and vast landholdings, while the majority of the population, including peasants and serfs, lived in poverty and faced harsh working conditions. This stark social and economic inequality contributed to social unrest and dissatisfaction among the lower classes.

3. Foreign Invasions and Conflicts: Russia faced numerous invasions and conflicts during the 17th century, which further destabilized the country. The most significant of these was the Time of Troubles (1598-1613), a period of political crisis and foreign intervention following the death of Tsar Feodor I. During this time, Russia experienced invasions by Polish-Lithuanian forces and internal conflicts between rival factions.

4. Religious and Cultural Divisions: Religious and cultural divisions also played a role in the turmoil of 17th century Russia. The Russian Orthodox Church held significant influence, and conflicts arose between different religious groups, such as the Old Believers and the official church. These divisions contributed to social and political tensions.

Factors Leading to the End of the Turmoil in 17th Century Russia

The turmoil in 17th century Russia eventually came to an end, and several factors contributed to its resolution. Here are some of the key reasons:

1. Rise of the Romanov Dynasty: The ascension of the Romanov dynasty to power in 1613 brought stability and a sense of legitimacy to the Russian monarchy. Under the leadership of Tsar Mikhail Romanov, the country began to recover from the Time of Troubles and restore order.

2. Strengthening of Central Authority: The Romanov rulers worked to consolidate their power and strengthen central authority. They implemented reforms to improve governance, establish a more efficient bureaucracy, and assert control over the regions. This helped to stabilize the country and reduce internal conflicts.

3. Military Victories and Expansion: Russia's military successes played a significant role in ending the turmoil. The country achieved victories in conflicts with neighboring states, such as the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire. These victories boosted national pride and helped to solidify the authority of the Romanovs.

4. Economic Reforms and Development: The Romanov rulers implemented economic reforms aimed at stimulating trade, agriculture, and industry. These reforms helped to improve the economic situation in the country and alleviate some of the social and economic inequalities that had contributed to the turmoil.

5. Religious Reconciliation: The Romanovs pursued a policy of religious reconciliation, seeking to heal the divisions within the Russian Orthodox Church. This policy helped to reduce tensions and promote social cohesion.

In conclusion, the turmoil in 17th century Russia was caused by factors such as political instability, social and economic inequality, foreign invasions, and religious divisions. The end of the turmoil was brought about by the rise of the Romanov dynasty, the strengthening of central authority, military victories, economic reforms, and religious reconciliation.