Question

Розташуйте наведені події в хронологічному порядку: а)Авіньйонський полон пап ; б) розкол церкви; в) утворення Папської держави. срочно!!!!

Answer 1

Ответ:

1.  Утворення Папської держави (781)

2. Розкол церкви (1054)

3.Авіньйонський полон пап (1309)

Answer 2

Chronological Order of Events:

а) Avignon Papacy: The Avignon Papacy, also known as the Babylonian Captivity, refers to the period from 1309 to 1377 when the popes resided in Avignon, France, rather than in Rome. This relocation was due to political turmoil in Italy and conflicts between the papacy and the French crown. The Avignon Papacy ended when Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1377 [[1]].

б) Great Schism: The Great Schism, also known as the Western Schism, occurred from 1378 to 1417 and involved a split within the Catholic Church, leading to the existence of two, and later three, claimants to the papacy. This division was caused by political and theological disputes and was resolved by the Council of Constance in 1417, which deposed the existing claimants and elected a new pope, Martin V, thereby ending the schism [[2]].

в) Formation of the Papal States: The Papal States were established in the 8th century and lasted until 1870. They were territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope, serving as a temporal counterpart to the Papal States' spiritual role as the leader of the Catholic Church. The Papal States were formally dissolved in 1870 following the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy, leading to the unification of Italy and the loss of the pope's temporal power [[3]].

These events unfolded in the following chronological order: 1. Avignon Papacy 2. Great Schism 3. Formation of the Papal States