Question

Що сприяло створенню високого рівня культури у Китаї на кін.ХIV ст.? Дам 15 балів. !!!Срочно!!!

Answer 1

Ответ:На початку кінця XIV століття на престол в Китаї прийшов імператор Чжен Хе, який здійснив величезні культурні реформи та зміни. Він заснував резиденцію для навчання державних службовців - Академію Шаньсі, в якій була проведена значна реформа освіти та внесені певні зміни до структури китайської мови. Крім того, було введено заняття з іноземних мов, що сприяло взаєморозумінню між Китаєм та іншими країнами. Також він здійснив значну реформу китайської медицини, що сприяла поліпшенню стану здоров'я населення та збільшенню тривалості життя. У цей час були створені значні поезії, мистецькі твори, театральні вистави, які стали невід'ємною частиною світової культури та ще довгий час впливали на розвиток культури та мистецтва в Азії.

Объяснение: Бажаю гарних оцінок ;)

Answer 2

Factors that Contributed to the High Level of Culture in China in the Late 14th Century

The late 14th century in China, specifically the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), was a period of significant cultural development and achievement. Several factors contributed to the high level of culture during this time:

1. Stability and Prosperity: The Ming Dynasty brought stability and prosperity to China after years of conflict and unrest. This allowed for a conducive environment for cultural growth and development. The government invested in infrastructure, agriculture, and trade, which led to economic prosperity and a flourishing arts and culture scene.

2. Imperial Patronage: The Ming emperors were great patrons of the arts and actively supported cultural activities. They sponsored the construction of grand palaces, temples, and gardens, which became centers of artistic and intellectual activities. Emperors also appointed scholars and artists to official positions, providing them with resources and support to pursue their creative endeavors.

3. Confucianism and Scholarly Culture: Confucianism played a significant role in shaping Chinese culture during the Ming Dynasty. Confucian values, such as respect for education, moral integrity, and social harmony, were highly regarded. The civil service examination system, based on Confucian teachings, allowed talented individuals from all social classes to pursue a career in government. This emphasis on education and scholarship fostered a culture of intellectualism and contributed to the development of literature, philosophy, and the arts.

4. Technological Advancements: The Ming Dynasty witnessed significant technological advancements, particularly in the fields of agriculture, manufacturing, and maritime exploration. These advancements improved living standards, increased agricultural productivity, and facilitated cultural exchange with other regions. The introduction of new crops, such as maize and sweet potatoes, improved food security and nutrition, leading to population growth and urbanization. The development of porcelain, silk production, and maritime trade routes also contributed to economic growth and cultural exchange.

5. Cultural Exchange and Influences: The Ming Dynasty had extensive contact with neighboring regions and foreign countries through trade and diplomatic relations. This facilitated the exchange of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices. The Silk Road and maritime trade routes, such as the Maritime Silk Road, connected China with Central Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, allowing for the exchange of goods, knowledge, and cultural influences. This cultural exchange enriched Chinese culture and contributed to its diversity and sophistication.

6. Literary and Artistic Achievements: The Ming Dynasty witnessed remarkable literary and artistic achievements. Prominent scholars and writers, such as Wang Yangming and Tang Yin, produced influential works in various fields, including poetry, calligraphy, painting, and literature. The development of printing technology, such as woodblock printing, made books more accessible and contributed to the spread of knowledge and literacy.

In conclusion, the high level of culture in China during the late 14th century was influenced by factors such as stability and prosperity, imperial patronage, Confucianism and scholarly culture, technological advancements, cultural exchange and influences, and literary and artistic achievements. These factors created an environment conducive to cultural growth and development, leading to significant achievements in various fields of arts, literature, philosophy, and technology.