Question

История 8 класс Александер 3 1)Задачи(реформы)-Бунке -Вишне градский -Витте 2)деятельность техже людей Срочно

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Alexander III: Reforms and the Role of Bunge, Vyshnegradsky, and Witte

Alexander III was the Emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894. During his reign, he pursued a policy of conservative autocracy, aiming to maintain stability and strengthen the power of the monarchy. However, he also implemented some reforms and relied on several key individuals to carry out his policies. Let's explore the tasks and reforms undertaken during Alexander III's reign, as well as the contributions of Sergei Bunge, Ivan Vyshnegradsky, and Sergei Witte.

1) Tasks and Reforms: Alexander III faced several challenges during his reign, including political unrest, economic backwardness, and social tensions. His main objectives were to maintain the autocratic system, suppress revolutionary movements, and promote economic development. To achieve these goals, he pursued a series of reforms. Some of the key tasks and reforms during his reign include:

- Political Repression: Alexander III implemented a policy of strict political repression to suppress revolutionary movements and maintain the autocratic system. This involved increased surveillance, censorship, and the persecution of political dissidents.

- Russification: Alexander III aimed to strengthen the Russian identity and suppress the influence of other nationalities within the Russian Empire. He enforced a policy of Russification, which involved imposing the Russian language, culture, and Orthodox religion on non-Russian populations.

- Land Reform: Alexander III introduced land reforms to improve agricultural productivity and address the issue of land scarcity. These reforms included the expansion of peasant land ownership and the establishment of peasant land banks.

- Industrial Development: Alexander III recognized the need to modernize Russia's economy and promote industrial development. He encouraged foreign investment, particularly in heavy industries such as mining and railways.

2) Role of Bunge, Vyshnegradsky, and Witte: During Alexander III's reign, several key individuals played significant roles in implementing his policies and reforms. Three notable figures are Sergei Bunge, Ivan Vyshnegradsky, and Sergei Witte.

- Sergei Bunge: Bunge served as the Minister of Finance from 1881 to 1887. He played a crucial role in implementing economic reforms aimed at modernizing Russia's financial system. Bunge introduced measures to stabilize the currency, improve tax collection, and attract foreign investment.

- Ivan Vyshnegradsky: Vyshnegradsky succeeded Bunge as the Minister of Finance from 1887 to 1892. He focused on promoting agricultural exports as a means to finance industrialization. Vyshnegradsky implemented a policy of high protective tariffs to support domestic industries and increase revenue from agricultural exports.

- Sergei Witte: Witte served as the Minister of Finance from 1892 to 1903 and later as the Prime Minister. He is considered one of the key architects of Russia's industrialization. Witte implemented a series of economic reforms, including the construction of railways, the promotion of foreign investment, and the establishment of the gold standard.

These individuals played crucial roles in implementing Alexander III's policies and reforms, particularly in the areas of finance and economic development.

Please note that the information provided above is based on search results and historical knowledge.