Question

Политика киевских князей Сравните политику князя Игоря и князя Святослава. Установите две черты сходства и две черты отличия. 1)разгром Хазарского каганата 2)захват Тмутараканского княжества 3)борьба с восточнославянскими племенными союзами и их подчинение Киеву 4)война с Византией А)черта различия Б)черта сходства

Answer 1

А) 1) разгром хазарского каганата, 2) захват тмутараканского княжества

Б) 3) борьба с восточнославянскими племенными союзами и их подчинение Киеву, 4) война с Византией

Answer 2

The Policies of Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav in Kiev

The policies of Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav, two prominent rulers of Kiev, can be compared in terms of their military campaigns and their relationships with neighboring powers. Let's examine the similarities and differences between their policies in four key areas:

1) Defeat of the Khazar Khaganate: Both Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav were involved in military campaigns against the Khazar Khaganate, a powerful Turkic state in the region. However, there are some differences in their approaches:

- Prince Igor: Prince Igor led a military expedition against the Khazars in 941. His campaign, known as the Igor's Campaign, aimed to weaken the Khazar influence and expand the territories under Kiev's control. However, the campaign ended in failure, and Igor was captured by the Khazars.

- Prince Sviatoslav: Prince Sviatoslav, the son of Igor, continued his father's efforts to defeat the Khazars. In 965, he launched a successful military campaign that resulted in the complete defeat of the Khazar Khaganate. Sviatoslav's victory significantly weakened the Khazar power and expanded Kiev's influence in the region.

2) Conquest of Tmutarakan Principality: Both Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav sought to expand their territories by conquering neighboring regions. Here's how their policies compare:

- Prince Igor: During his reign, Prince Igor led an expedition to conquer the Tmutarakan Principality, located in the northern Black Sea region. The exact outcome of this campaign is not well-documented, but it is believed that Igor was not able to fully subjugate the principality.

- Prince Sviatoslav: Prince Sviatoslav, known for his military prowess, successfully captured the Tmutarakan Principality in 970. This conquest further extended Kiev's control over the Black Sea region and solidified Sviatoslav's reputation as a skilled military leader.

3) Subjugation of Eastern Slavic Tribes: Both rulers aimed to consolidate their power by subjugating Eastern Slavic tribes and bringing them under Kiev's control. However, their approaches differed:

- Prince Igor: During his reign, Prince Igor faced challenges from various Eastern Slavic tribes who resisted Kiev's authority. While he made efforts to assert control over these tribes, his success in fully subjugating them was limited.

- Prince Sviatoslav: Prince Sviatoslav continued his father's policy of expanding Kiev's control over Eastern Slavic tribes. He successfully defeated and subjugated several tribes, including the Vyatichi and Radimichi, bringing them under Kiev's authority.

4) Conflict with Byzantium: Both Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav had interactions and conflicts with the Byzantine Empire. Here's how their policies compare:

- Prince Igor: During his reign, Prince Igor maintained a relatively stable relationship with Byzantium. He engaged in trade and diplomatic exchanges with the Byzantine Empire, but there is no record of any major military conflicts between them.

- Prince Sviatoslav: Prince Sviatoslav's policies towards Byzantium were more confrontational. He launched a military campaign against the Byzantine Empire in 968, aiming to seize control of the Byzantine territories in the Balkans. Although Sviatoslav achieved some initial successes, the campaign ultimately ended in defeat for Kiev.

In summary, the policies of Prince Igor and Prince Sviatoslav in Kiev had both similarities and differences. They both sought to expand Kiev's territories, but Sviatoslav achieved greater success in his military campaigns. Additionally, while Igor maintained a relatively stable relationship with Byzantium, Sviatoslav's policies were more confrontational, leading to a military conflict with the Byzantine Empire.

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