Question

Охарактеризуйте международную обстановку 1880-1890 годов. Какие факторы её определяли? Коротко пожалуйста.

Answer 1

В 1880-начале 1890 гг. в России не было воин, потому что правил Александр III.Его даже за это прозвали "Миротворцем".После окончания русско-турецкой войны Россия не принимала участия в вооруженных столкновениях. Усилия её дипломатии были направлены на поддержание мира и стабильности.

Answer 2

International Situation in the 1880s-1890s

The international situation in the 1880s-1890s was characterized by a complex web of political, economic, and military factors. Several key factors influenced the international environment during this period:

1. Colonial Expansion: European powers, particularly Britain, France, Germany, and Belgium, were engaged in an intense competition for colonial territories in Africa and Asia. This scramble for colonies was driven by economic interests, the desire for strategic advantages, and the pursuit of national prestige.

2. Rivalry and Alliances: The balance of power in Europe was shifting, leading to the formation of alliances and rivalries among major powers. The Triple Alliance, consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, was formed in 1882, while the Franco-Russian Alliance was established in 1892. These alliances aimed to maintain a balance of power and protect national interests.

3. Imperialism and Nationalism: The rise of imperialism and nationalism further complicated the international situation. Nationalist movements sought to assert their independence and challenge colonial powers, leading to tensions and conflicts in various regions.

4. Arms Race: The late 19th century witnessed a significant increase in military spending and the development of new weapons technology. This arms race, particularly between Britain and Germany, heightened tensions and contributed to the overall instability of the international situation.

5. Economic Interests: Economic factors played a crucial role in shaping the international environment. The period saw rapid industrialization and the growth of global trade, leading to increased competition for markets and resources. Economic rivalries often translated into political tensions and conflicts.

6. Social and Cultural Changes: The late 19th century was marked by significant social and cultural changes, including the rise of socialism, labor movements, and the spread of new ideas and ideologies. These changes influenced political dynamics and contributed to the overall atmosphere of uncertainty and unrest.

It is important to note that the international situation during this period was highly complex and dynamic, with multiple factors interacting and influencing each other. The above factors provide a general overview of the key elements that shaped the international environment in the 1880s-1890s.