Question

Что предусматривал Сталинский приказ 227

Answer 1

О мерах по укреплению дисциплины и порядка в Красной Армии и запрещении самовольного отхода с боевых позиций

Answer 2

Stalin's Order 227

Stalin's Order 227, also known as "Not One Step Backward!" or "No Step Backward!", was issued on July 28, 1942, during World War II. This order was a response to the German advance on the Eastern Front and aimed to strengthen discipline and morale among Soviet troops. The order emphasized the importance of holding the line and not retreating, even in the face of heavy losses and difficult circumstances.

Key Points of Stalin's Order 227:

1. No retreat: The order emphasized that there should be no retreat without orders from higher command. It stated that commanders who ordered retreat without authorization would be considered traitors and subject to military tribunal.

2. Punishment for retreat: The order introduced severe penalties for soldiers who retreated without orders. It authorized the use of blocking detachments and military tribunals to prevent retreat and punish those who disobeyed the order. Soldiers who retreated without orders could be subjected to immediate execution or sent to penal battalions.

3. Blocking detachments: The order introduced the concept of blocking detachments, which were units tasked with preventing retreat and maintaining discipline. These detachments were authorized to shoot any soldier who attempted to retreat without orders.

4. Penal battalions: The order established penal battalions, which were units composed of soldiers who had been convicted of disciplinary offenses. These battalions were often sent to the most dangerous and challenging fronts, where they were expected to fight bravely to redeem themselves.

5. Strengthening morale: The order aimed to boost morale among Soviet troops by emphasizing the importance of holding the line and defending the homeland. It called for increased political education and propaganda efforts to inspire soldiers to fight courageously and resist the enemy.

6. Soviet determination: Stalin's Order 227 reflected the determination of the Soviet leadership to resist the German invasion and defend the Soviet Union at all costs. It conveyed the message that retreat was not an option and that every effort should be made to hold the line and repel the enemy.

It is important to note that while Stalin's Order 227 played a significant role in boosting morale and discipline among Soviet troops, its implementation also had negative consequences. The severe penalties and harsh measures introduced by the order led to a high number of casualties and strained the already challenging conditions faced by Soviet soldiers on the Eastern Front.

Overall, Stalin's Order 227 was a reflection of the desperate situation faced by the Soviet Union during World War II and the determination of the Soviet leadership to resist the German advance and defend the homeland at all costs.