Question

Каковы ещё были условия промышленного переворота ?​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Во-первых, в Англии сформировались зрелые капиталистические отношения. Было устранено большинство пережитков феодализма, население урбанизировалось, экономическое и политическое господство получил класс буржуа - купцов, промышленников, негоциантов, банкиров, коммерсантов.

Во-вторых, подоспели технологии промышленного производства. Были изобретены различные машины, станки, автоматизированные прялки, ткацкие станки, жнейки и т.д. А в силу благоприятных общественных отношений всё это оказалось возможно немедленно внедрить. В Англии существовало большое количество мануфактур с ручным трудом, где можно было бы внедрить новые технологии, и их владельцы были заинтересованы в повышении производительности труда. Поэтому ручной труд заменялся машинным.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Conditions of the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant economic and social change that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It was characterized by the transition from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, the development of new technologies, and the growth of factories and urban areas. The conditions that contributed to the Industrial Revolution can be summarized as follows:

1. Technological Advancements: The Industrial Revolution was fueled by a series of technological advancements that revolutionized various industries. These advancements included the invention of the steam engine, the mechanization of textile production, the development of iron and steel production methods, and the introduction of new transportation systems such as canals and railways. These innovations increased productivity and efficiency, leading to the rapid growth of industries.

2. Access to Natural Resources: The availability of abundant natural resources played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution. Countries with access to resources such as coal, iron ore, and waterways were able to establish and expand industries more easily. For example, the discovery of large coal deposits in Britain provided a cheap and abundant source of energy for steam engines and fueled the growth of the industrial sector.

3. Capital and Investment: The Industrial Revolution required significant capital investment to finance the construction of factories, purchase machinery, and develop new technologies. The availability of capital, often accumulated through colonial trade and the growth of banking systems, allowed entrepreneurs to invest in new ventures and drive industrial development.

4. Population Growth and Urbanization: The rapid growth of population, combined with the enclosure movement that forced many rural workers off the land, led to a surplus of labor in urban areas. This surplus labor pool provided the workforce needed for the expanding factories and industries. Urbanization also created a concentration of workers, which facilitated the development of specialized industries and the exchange of ideas and knowledge.

5. Social and Economic Changes: The Industrial Revolution was accompanied by significant social and economic changes. The traditional agricultural-based economy gave way to a manufacturing-based economy, leading to a shift from rural to urban areas. The growth of factories and the rise of industrial capitalism transformed social structures and created new social classes, such as the industrial working class and the bourgeoisie.

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