Question

какими знаниями обладали русские люди в 12 13 веках

Answer 1

БЫЛО РАЗВИТО КУЗНЕЧНОЕ РЕМЕСЛО,ДОБЫЧА МЕТАЛОВ

Answer 2

Russian Knowledge in the 12th and 13th Centuries

In the 12th and 13th centuries, Russian people possessed a range of knowledge and skills that were essential for their daily lives and societal development. While specific details about the knowledge of the general population during this time period are limited, we can make some general observations based on historical records and cultural practices.

Agricultural Knowledge: Agriculture was the primary occupation for most Russians during this period. They had knowledge of farming techniques, crop cultivation, and animal husbandry. They cultivated crops such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats, and raised livestock such as cattle, sheep, and pigs. Agricultural practices were influenced by the climate and geography of the region, as well as local traditions and customs.

Craftsmanship and Trade: Russian society in the 12th and 13th centuries had a well-developed system of craftsmanship and trade. Skilled artisans and craftsmen produced a wide range of goods, including pottery, textiles, metalwork, and woodworking. Trade routes connected different regions, allowing for the exchange of goods and ideas. Russian merchants were involved in long-distance trade, which brought them into contact with other cultures and expanded their knowledge of the world.

Religious Knowledge: The Russian Orthodox Church played a significant role in the lives of the Russian people during this period. Religious knowledge and practices were widespread, and the Church served as a center of education and cultural preservation. Monasteries and churches were important institutions that provided education, healthcare, and social support to the population. The clergy and monks were educated and had knowledge of theology, liturgy, and religious texts.

Literacy and Education: While literacy rates were generally low among the general population, there were educated individuals who had knowledge of reading and writing. Education was primarily provided by the Church, and literacy was mainly limited to the clergy, nobility, and some members of the urban elite. The Cyrillic alphabet, which was developed in the 9th century, facilitated the spread of literacy and the preservation of written records.

Oral Tradition and Folklore: In addition to written knowledge, oral tradition and folklore played a crucial role in transmitting knowledge and cultural values. Stories, legends, and songs were passed down through generations, preserving historical events, cultural practices, and moral teachings. These oral traditions provided a rich source of knowledge about the past and served as a form of entertainment and community bonding.

It is important to note that the available sources for studying the knowledge of Russian people in the 12th and 13th centuries are limited, and our understanding of this period is continually evolving as new research and archaeological discoveries are made.