Question

Помогите 1.расскажите о борьбе русского народа против установления ордынского владычество. 2.каковы были экономические подслетствия ордынского владычества.

Answer 1

Насколько я помню, 12-летний правитель Дмитрий, когда вырос, начал обманывать с деньгами или стал меньше посылать их. Т.к. до него наверное дошло, что уже хан Мамай "разбаловался" и когда стал меньше уплачивать дань, пошёл с войной и началась Куликовская битва, которая вошла в историю. Надеюсь помогло. (И ЭТО ПО МОЕЙ ПАМЯТИ!!!)

Answer 2

Russian People's Struggle Against Mongol Rule

The Mongol invasion of Russia in the 13th century led to the establishment of the Mongol or Golden Horde's dominion over the Russian lands. The Russian people, however, did not passively accept Mongol rule and engaged in various forms of resistance and struggle against the Mongols.

1. Russian People's Resistance Against Mongol Rule:

The Russian people's resistance against Mongol rule took different forms, including armed uprisings, guerrilla warfare, and diplomatic efforts. Here are some key points about the Russian people's struggle against Mongol rule:

- Armed Uprisings: The Russian people launched several armed uprisings against the Mongols. One of the most significant uprisings was led by Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow in 1380, who defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Kulikovo. This victory was a symbolic turning point in the Russian people's struggle against Mongol rule [[1]].

- Guerrilla Warfare: The Russian people also employed guerrilla warfare tactics to resist Mongol rule. They would launch surprise attacks on Mongol forces, disrupt supply lines, and engage in hit-and-run tactics. These tactics aimed to weaken the Mongols' hold on the Russian lands and make their rule more difficult [[2]].

- Diplomatic Efforts: In addition to armed resistance, the Russian people also engaged in diplomatic efforts to mitigate the impact of Mongol rule. Russian princes would negotiate with the Mongol khans, seeking favorable terms and concessions. These diplomatic efforts aimed to maintain some level of autonomy and protect the interests of the Russian people [[3]].

2. Economic Consequences of Mongol Rule:

The establishment of Mongol rule in Russia had significant economic consequences for the Russian lands. Here are some key points about the economic impact of Mongol rule:

- Heavy Tribute and Taxation: The Mongols imposed heavy tribute and taxation on the Russian lands. Russian princes had to pay tribute to the Mongol khans, which often included a significant portion of their agricultural produce, livestock, and other resources. This tribute burdened the Russian economy and hindered its development [[4]].

- Trade Restrictions: The Mongols imposed trade restrictions on the Russian lands, which limited their access to international trade routes and markets. This hindered the growth of commerce and limited economic opportunities for the Russian people [[5]].

- Depopulation and Economic Decline: The Mongol invasion and subsequent rule led to depopulation and economic decline in some regions. The destruction caused by the Mongols, coupled with the heavy tribute burden, disrupted agricultural production and trade, leading to economic stagnation in certain areas [[6]].

- Integration into the Eurasian Trade Network: Despite the negative economic consequences, Mongol rule also facilitated the integration of the Russian lands into the larger Eurasian trade network. The Mongols established trade routes that connected Russia with other parts of Asia, allowing for the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies [[7]].

It is important to note that the Russian people's struggle against Mongol rule was a complex and multifaceted process, influenced by various factors such as political dynamics, regional differences, and individual leadership. The resistance efforts of the Russian people ultimately contributed to the gradual weakening and decline of Mongol rule in Russia.