Question

Помогите!Пожалуйста История!7 класс! Европейский абсолютизм и российское самодержавие:сходство и различия. Нужно сделать до завтра! Срочно!

Answer 1

Ответ:

Главное отличие самодержавия в России от абсолютизма в Европе состояло в том, на кого опиралась власть монарха. В Европе было развито сословие горожан, мелких дворян. Они и были опорой власти. В России сословие горожан было малочисленным, поэтому самодержавие имело только дворянскую поддержку.

Сходство заключается в том, что присутствует неограниченная власть монарха,а также власть опирается на феодалов и дворянство и цель добиться центролизованности

Answer 2

European Absolutism and Russian Autocracy: Similarities and Differences

European absolutism and Russian autocracy were both forms of government that concentrated power in the hands of a single ruler. While they shared some similarities, there were also notable differences between the two systems. Let's explore these similarities and differences in more detail.

European Absolutism: European absolutism refers to the period from the 16th to the 18th centuries when monarchs in Europe consolidated their power and ruled with absolute authority. Some key features of European absolutism include:

1. Centralized Power: European absolute monarchs sought to centralize power in their own hands, diminishing the influence of nobles and other competing institutions. 2. Divine Right of Kings: Monarchs claimed their authority to rule came directly from God, making them accountable only to God and not to their subjects. 3. Strong Bureaucracy: Absolute monarchs established efficient bureaucracies to administer their realms and enforce their policies. 4. Mercantilism: Economic policies focused on increasing the wealth and power of the state through colonization, trade monopolies, and the accumulation of precious metals.

Russian Autocracy: Russian autocracy, also known as the Russian tsardom, was a system of government in which the tsar held absolute power. Here are some key characteristics of Russian autocracy:

1. Orthodox Christianity: The Russian Orthodox Church played a significant role in supporting the authority of the tsar and maintaining social order. 2. Expansion and Conquest: Russian autocracy was characterized by a strong drive for territorial expansion, leading to the acquisition of vast territories in Eastern Europe and Asia. 3. Serfdom: The majority of the Russian population were serfs, who were bound to the land and subject to the control of the nobility. Serfdom was a key feature of the Russian social and economic system. 4. Isolation from Western Europe: Unlike Western European countries, Russia was geographically and culturally isolated, which influenced its development and interactions with other nations.

Similarities and Differences: While both European absolutism and Russian autocracy were forms of autocratic rule, there were several differences between them:

1. Geographical and Cultural Context: European absolutism developed in the context of Western European nations, which had a long history of political and cultural development. Russian autocracy, on the other hand, emerged in a vast and diverse empire with its own unique cultural and historical background. 2. Religious Influence: European absolutism was influenced by the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation, which challenged the authority of the Catholic Church. In contrast, Russian autocracy was closely tied to the Russian Orthodox Church, which played a central role in supporting the tsar's authority. 3. Economic Systems: European absolutism was associated with mercantilism, which aimed to increase the wealth and power of the state through trade and colonization. Russian autocracy, on the other hand, relied heavily on serfdom and agricultural production. 4. Territorial Expansion: While both European absolutist states and Russia sought to expand their territories, the scale and nature of their expansion differed. European powers focused on overseas colonization, while Russia expanded its territory through conquest and colonization in Eastern Europe and Asia.

In conclusion, European absolutism and Russian autocracy were both forms of autocratic rule, but they developed in different historical, cultural, and geographical contexts. While they shared some similarities, such as centralized power and a strong bureaucracy, there were also notable differences, including the role of religion, economic systems, and patterns of territorial expansion.