Question

10. Издание указа об «обязанных крестьянах», проведение П.Д. Киселевым реформы государственных крестьян, работа Секретных комитетов для разработки проектов улучшення положения крепостных крестьян относятся к царствованию: 1) Павла I; 2) Николая 3) Александра ІІІ: 4) Николая Пожалуйста срочно нужно​

Answer 1

10. Издание указа об «обязанных крестьянах», проведение П.Д. Киселевым реформы государственных крестьян, работа Секретных комитетов для разработки проектов улучшення положения крепостных крестьян относятся к царствованию:

Николая IV

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Answer 2

Reforms and Edicts during the Reigns of Paul I, Nicholas I, and Alexander III

During the reigns of Paul I, Nicholas I, and Alexander III, several reforms and edicts were implemented in Russia to improve the conditions of serfs and peasants. These measures aimed to address the social and economic issues faced by the peasantry and to modernize the agricultural sector. Let's explore the specific reforms and edicts associated with each ruler:

1) Paul I: During the reign of Paul I (1796-1801), one of the significant reforms implemented was the issuance of the edict on "obligated peasants" (обязанные крестьяне). This edict aimed to regulate the obligations and rights of serfs, particularly those who were tied to the land they worked on. The edict sought to establish a more equitable relationship between the landowners and the serfs, granting certain rights and protections to the serfs.

2) Nicholas I: Under the reign of Nicholas I (1825-1855), the government implemented the "State Peasant Reform" (П.Д. Киселевым реформы государственных крестьян). This reform was carried out by Pyotr Kiselev, the Minister of State Property, and aimed to improve the conditions of state-owned serfs. The reform involved granting certain rights to the state peasants, such as the ability to own property, engage in trade, and marry freely. It also introduced measures to improve agricultural practices and productivity.

3) Alexander III: During the reign of Alexander III (1881-1894), efforts were made to address the plight of the serfs and improve their living conditions. One of the notable initiatives was the establishment of Secret Committees (Секретные комитеты) tasked with developing projects to improve the situation of the serfs. These committees worked on various proposals, including measures to alleviate the burden of redemption payments (оброк) and to provide opportunities for serfs to acquire land.

It is important to note that while these reforms and edicts aimed to improve the conditions of serfs and peasants, they did not lead to the abolition of serfdom or bring about significant social and economic changes. The emancipation of the serfs in Russia occurred later, in 1861, during the reign of Alexander II.