Question

Как в битвах при креси и Пуатье проявились преимущества и недостатки английской и французской армии? СРОЧНО!!!!!!

Answer 1

Английская армия набирались из свободных граждан с правами собственника. У Франции ведущую роль в армии играла рыцарская конница, а в основной состав набирали обычных крестьян. Это и сказалось при Кресси, когда выручать придавленных конями рыцарей, солдаты не бросились под английские стрелы, зато лучники англичан выказали всё своё отношение к потомственным французским феодалам, добивая киркой и шилом раненых французов.

Answer 2

Battle of Crecy:

The Battle of Crecy took place on August 26, 1346, during the Hundred Years' War between England and France. In this battle, the English army, led by King Edward III, achieved a decisive victory over the French forces. Let's examine the advantages and disadvantages of the English and French armies in this battle.

Advantages of the English Army: 1. Longbowmen: One of the key advantages of the English army was its skilled longbowmen. The English archers were highly trained and proficient in using the longbow, which had a longer range and higher accuracy compared to the French crossbows. The longbowmen played a crucial role in the battle, inflicting heavy casualties on the French knights. 2. Defensive Position: The English army positioned themselves on higher ground, which provided them with a tactical advantage. The French knights had to charge uphill, making it difficult for them to maintain their formation and momentum. The English took advantage of this and repelled the French attacks effectively. 3. Discipline and Leadership: The English army was well-disciplined and had strong leadership under King Edward III. The army followed a coordinated strategy and maintained their formation throughout the battle, which contributed to their success.

Disadvantages of the English Army: 1. Numerical Inferiority: The English army was significantly outnumbered by the French forces. While the exact numbers are debated, it is estimated that the French army had around 30,000 to 40,000 soldiers, while the English army had approximately 7,000 to 12,000 soldiers. Despite being outnumbered, the English army managed to secure victory through their superior tactics and weaponry.

Advantages of the French Army: 1. Heavy Cavalry: The French army had a strong contingent of heavily armored knights, known as the French nobility. These knights were considered the elite of the French army and were renowned for their skill in mounted combat. The French knights were expected to break through the English lines and deliver a decisive blow.

Disadvantages of the French Army: 1. Lack of Coordination: The French army suffered from a lack of coordination and discipline. The French knights charged in disorganized waves, which made them vulnerable to the English longbowmen. Additionally, the French army consisted of soldiers from different regions, which led to communication difficulties and a lack of unified command. 2. Terrain: The French army had to advance across difficult terrain, including marshy ground, which slowed down their progress and hindered their ability to maneuver effectively.

Battle of Poitiers:

The Battle of Poitiers, also known as the Battle of Tours, took place on September 19, 1356, during the Hundred Years' War. The English army, led by Edward, the Black Prince, achieved a significant victory over the French forces. Let's examine the advantages and disadvantages of the English and French armies in this battle.

Advantages of the English Army: 1. Longbowmen: Similar to the Battle of Crecy, the English army had a significant advantage in their skilled longbowmen. The longbowmen played a crucial role in the battle, inflicting heavy casualties on the French forces and disrupting their formations. 2. Defensive Position: The English army positioned themselves on a hill, which provided them with a defensive advantage. The French knights had to charge uphill, making it difficult for them to maintain their formation and momentum. The English took advantage of this and repelled the French attacks effectively. 3. Discipline and Leadership: The English army was well-disciplined and had strong leadership under the Black Prince. The army followed a coordinated strategy and maintained their formation throughout the battle, which contributed to their success.

Disadvantages of the English Army: 1. Numerical Inferiority: The English army was once again outnumbered by the French forces. The French army had a larger number of soldiers, which put the English at a disadvantage in terms of sheer manpower. However, the English were able to compensate for this with their superior tactics and weaponry.

Advantages of the French Army: 1. Heavy Cavalry: The French army had a strong contingent of heavily armored knights, similar to the Battle of Crecy. The French knights were expected to break through the English lines and deliver a decisive blow.

Disadvantages of the French Army: 1. Lack of Coordination: Similar to the Battle of Crecy, the French army suffered from a lack of coordination and discipline. The French knights charged in disorganized waves, which made them vulnerable to the English longbowmen. Additionally, the French army consisted of soldiers from different regions, which led to communication difficulties and a lack of unified command. 2. Terrain: The French army had to advance across difficult terrain, including marshy ground, which slowed down their progress and hindered their ability to maneuver effectively.

In both the Battle of Crecy and the Battle of Poitiers, the English army's skilled longbowmen, disciplined tactics, and defensive positions played a crucial role in their victories. The French army, on the other hand, suffered from a lack of coordination, difficulties in maneuvering, and vulnerability to the English longbowmen.