Question

Почему , несмотря на наличие конницы и лучников в своем войске , Персы проиграли "Марафонскую битву" ? Сравните за что боролись Греки и за что - Персы .

Answer 1

Ответ:
1) Существует целое множество причин. Греки были подготовлены к сражению, они встречали персов, высаживающихся с берега. Их вооружение и снаряжение было на порядок лучше персидского. Греки также строились в фаланги, это делало персидских всадников максимально уязвимыми. Армия персов была разрознена и атакована по флангам.
2. Персы боролись для того, чтоб захватить новые земли, а греки для того, чтоб защитить свою землю. Так в 5 веке до нашей эры происходили греко-персидские войны, которые начали с вторжения Персии на Балканский полуостров. В самом начале греческие полисы терпели поражения. Часть из них перешли на сторону противника, либо были подчинены. Только после победы греков в Марафонской битве в 490 году до нашей эры ситуация в войне смогла переменитьс

Объяснение:

Answer 2

The Battle of Marathon: Greeks vs Persians

The Battle of Marathon was fought in 490 BC between the Greeks and the Persians. Despite having cavalry and archers in their army, the Persians ultimately lost the battle. Let's compare the motivations and objectives of the Greeks and the Persians to understand why this happened.

Greek Motivations and Objectives

The Greeks, specifically the Athenians, were fighting to defend their city-state and preserve their way of life. They were motivated by a strong sense of patriotism and a desire to protect their freedom and independence. The Athenians saw the Persian invasion as a threat to their democratic government and their cultural identity.

Key Points: - The Greeks fought to defend their city-state and preserve their freedom and independence. - They were motivated by a strong sense of patriotism and a desire to protect their democratic government and cultural identity.

Persian Motivations and Objectives

The Persians, led by King Darius I, had a different set of motivations and objectives. The Persian Empire was expanding rapidly, and Darius sought to extend his dominion over Greece as well. The Persians aimed to conquer and subjugate the Greek city-states, including Athens.

Key Points: - The Persians aimed to expand their empire and conquer the Greek city-states. - King Darius I sought to extend his dominion over Greece.

Factors Contributing to the Persian Defeat

Despite having a larger and more diverse army, the Persians faced several challenges that contributed to their defeat in the Battle of Marathon.

1. Terrain: The battle took place on the plain of Marathon, which was advantageous for the Greek hoplites. The flat terrain neutralized the Persian cavalry's mobility and limited the effectiveness of their archers [[1]].

2. Greek Strategy: The Greek general Miltiades devised a strategy that played to the strengths of the Greek hoplites. He ordered a rapid charge against the Persian center, where the Persian infantry was weakest. This tactic caught the Persians off guard and caused confusion in their ranks [[2]].

3. Greek Hoplites: The Greek hoplites, heavily armed infantry soldiers, were highly disciplined and fought in a tight formation called a phalanx. This formation provided them with superior cohesion and protection. The hoplites' spears and shields were effective against the lighter Persian infantry and cavalry [[3]].

4. Persian Communication: There was a breakdown in communication between the Persian cavalry and infantry during the battle. The Persian cavalry, stationed on the wings, was unable to coordinate effectively with the infantry in the center. This lack of coordination weakened the Persian forces [[4]].

5. Greek Resolve: The Greeks fought with great determination and were willing to sacrifice their lives to defend their city-state. This resolve and unity among the Greek soldiers played a significant role in their victory [[5]].

Key Points: - The terrain favored the Greek hoplites and limited the effectiveness of the Persian cavalry and archers. - The Greek strategy, disciplined hoplites, breakdown in Persian communication, and Greek resolve all contributed to the Persian defeat.

In conclusion, the Greeks won the Battle of Marathon despite the Persians having cavalry and archers in their army. The Greeks fought to defend their city-state and preserve their freedom, while the Persians aimed to expand their empire. The Greeks had several advantages, including the favorable terrain, effective strategy, disciplined hoplites, and strong resolve. These factors, combined with the breakdown in Persian communication, ultimately led to the Persian defeat.

[[1]] Source: [Wikipedia - Battle of Marathon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon) [[2]] Source: [Ancient History Encyclopedia - Battle of Marathon](https://www.ancient.eu/Battle_of_Marathon/) [[3]] Source: [History.com - Battle of Marathon](https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-greece/battle-of-marathon) [[4]] Source: [Britannica - Battle of Marathon](https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Marathon) [[5]] Source: [ThoughtCo - Battle of Marathon](https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-marathon-ancient-greece-118527)