Question

Дайте характеристику послевоенному экономическому положению в Германии.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Если коротко то так:

Послевоенное состояние экономики Германии было крайне тяжелым. В 1946 г. промышленное производство составляло 1 /3 от довоенного уровня, производство стали сократилось в 7 раз, добыча угля упала более чем в два раза, на десятилетия назад было отброшено сельское хозяйство, большая часть промышленных предприятий была разрушена. Германия лишилась 25% своей территории, каждый второй немец не имел работы. так же в стране была сильная инфляция, Товарный дефицит, низкая покупательная способность. Большое значение для восстановления экономики Германии имела активная поддержка США в соответствии с планом Маршалла. Германии было предоставлено в общей сложности 3,12 млрд долл. Помощь поступала в виде поставок товаров, а денежные средства от их реализации, предназначенные для развития экономики, поступали в специальные фонды и банки.Вместе с тем огромную роль в восстановлении экономики Германии и дальнейшем экономическом развитии, обеспечившим "немецкое чудо", играла экономическая политика Л. Эрхарда. была проведена денежная реформа. так что по Потсдамскому соглашению, Германии нельзя было вооружаться, поэтому те деньги что пошли бы на военную технику, шли в экономику.

в основном германии очень помог план Маршалла.

Answer 2

Post-War Economic Situation in Germany

After World War II, Germany faced a challenging economic situation. The country was left devastated by the war, and its infrastructure, industries, and cities were heavily damaged. The economic conditions were dire, and the country struggled to recover from the aftermath of the war.

Devastation and Reconstruction: Germany's post-war economic situation was characterized by widespread devastation and the need for extensive reconstruction efforts. The war had left the country in ruins, with significant damage to its industrial capacity, transportation networks, and housing infrastructure.

The reconstruction efforts were substantial, and Germany had to rebuild its industries, cities, and infrastructure from the ground up. The process of rebuilding the country's economy was a monumental task that required significant resources and international support.

Occupation and Division: After the war, Germany was divided into four occupation zones, each controlled by one of the Allied powers: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union. This division had significant implications for the country's economic recovery and political stability.

The division of Germany created challenges for economic coordination and development, as each occupying power had its own agenda and priorities for the country. This division also contributed to the broader geopolitical tensions of the Cold War era.

Currency Reform and Economic Recovery: One significant step in Germany's economic recovery was the currency reform implemented in 1948. This reform, which introduced the Deutsche Mark, played a crucial role in stabilizing the country's economy and laying the foundation for its post-war recovery.

The introduction of the Deutsche Mark helped to curb hyperinflation and restore confidence in the German economy. It also facilitated the revival of industrial production and trade, contributing to the country's economic resurgence.

Integration into European Economy: Germany's integration into the European economy was a pivotal factor in its post-war economic recovery. The country's participation in the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and later the European Economic Community (EEC) provided opportunities for economic cooperation and growth within the broader European context.

The integration into the European economy allowed Germany to benefit from trade partnerships, economic collaboration, and access to resources and markets, contributing to its economic revitalization.

Conclusion: In conclusion, Germany's post-war economic situation was marked by devastation, reconstruction efforts, occupation and division, currency reform, and integration into the European economy. Despite the immense challenges it faced, Germany managed to rebuild its economy and emerge as a key player in the global economic landscape.