Question

Как оборонялись спартанцы

Answer 1

Ответ:

Впервые спартанская армия упоминается в «Илиаде». В трактате «Государственное устройство лакедемонян» Ксенофонтподробно рассказывает о том, как была организована спартанская армия в его время.Призыву подлежали спартанцы от 20 до 60 лет. Чаще всего на войну призывали мужчин до 40 лет, но в целом возрастной состав армии зависел от масштаба сражения. При этом военнообязанные до 30 лет продолжали жить небольшими отрядами и в мирное время, находясь под присмотром педотрибов (др.-греч. παιδοτρίβης — «тренирующий ребёнка»).Вооружение спартанца составляли копьё, короткий меч и защитное вооружение: круглый щит, шлем, панцирь на груди и поножи. Вес защитного вооружения достигал 30 кг. 

Объяснение:

Answer 2

How did the Spartans defend themselves?

The Spartans were known for their exceptional military prowess and their ability to defend themselves effectively. Here are some key aspects of how the Spartans defended themselves:

1. Military Training and Discipline: The Spartans had a rigorous military training system known as the agoge. Boys were taken from their families at the age of seven and trained in disciplines such as combat, physical fitness, and survival skills. This training instilled discipline, endurance, and a strong sense of loyalty to Sparta. 2. Hoplite Warfare: The Spartans were renowned for their use of hoplite warfare. Hoplites were heavily armed infantry soldiers who fought in a tight formation called a phalanx. The Spartans' phalanx formation consisted of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder, with their shields overlapping to create a solid wall of defense. This formation provided excellent protection and allowed the Spartans to advance or hold their ground against enemy attacks. 3. Military Equipment: The Spartans were equipped with high-quality weapons and armor. They carried a large round shield called a hoplon, which provided excellent protection. They also wore a bronze cuirass (chestplate), a helmet, greaves (leg armor), and carried a spear and a short sword. Their equipment was designed to provide maximum protection while allowing them to maneuver effectively in battle. 4. Military Strategy: The Spartans were skilled strategists and tacticians. They employed various strategies to gain an advantage over their enemies. One notable example is the Battle of Thermopylae, where a small Spartan force, led by King Leonidas, held off a much larger Persian army for several days by utilizing the narrow pass of Thermopylae. This allowed the Spartans to neutralize the Persians' numerical superiority and exploit their own defensive capabilities. 5. Strong Military Culture: The Spartans had a strong military culture that emphasized discipline, obedience, and self-sacrifice for the greater good of Sparta. They were taught from a young age to prioritize the needs of the state over individual desires. This mindset fostered a strong sense of unity and cohesion among the Spartan warriors, making them a formidable force on the battlefield. It is important to note that while the information provided above is based on historical knowledge and common understanding, it is always recommended to consult reliable historical sources for a more comprehensive understanding of the topic.