Question

Чи можна вважати події 1688-1689рр.революцією?Чому?(даю 30 балів)​

Answer 1

Ответ:

події так і називаються "Славна революція". Державний переворот в Англії, який отримав назву «Славної революції», підсумками якої була перемога буржуазії над абсолютизмом, утвердження конституційної монархії. На трон була зведена Ганна Стюарт остання Королева з династії Стюартів, регентом став Вільгельм Оранський: 30 червня В результаті змови ватажків вігів та торі Вільгельму Оранському надіслано запрошення з'явитися до Англії та зайняти престол. Початок листопада - Вільгельм з 12-тисячним військом висадився у Торбеї (Південно-Західна Англія). 8 листопада Екзетер і рушив до Лондона. Він вступив у бік перейшли міністри, члени королівської сім'ї, командувач армії Джон Черчілль («Славна революція»). Яків прибув у графство Кент. 18 грудня-В Лондон прибув Вільгельм. Яків покинув Англію.

Answer 2

The events of 1688-1689 as a revolution

The events of 1688-1689 in England are commonly referred to as the Glorious Revolution. This period marked a significant shift in power and governance in England and had lasting effects on the country's political landscape. Whether these events can be considered a revolution depends on the definition and criteria used to define a revolution.

Definition of a revolution

A revolution is generally understood as a fundamental and often violent change in the political, social, or economic structure of a society, usually accompanied by a shift in power from one group or institution to another. Revolutions often involve popular uprisings, overthrowing of existing governments, and the establishment of new systems or ideologies.

The Glorious Revolution of 1688-1689

The Glorious Revolution refers to the events that took place in England during 1688-1689, when William of Orange, a Dutch prince, and his wife Mary, daughter of King James II, were invited to assume the English throne. The events leading up to this invitation were driven by political and religious tensions in England at the time.

Key events of the Glorious Revolution:

1. Religious tensions: King James II was a Catholic ruler in a predominantly Protestant country. His attempts to promote Catholicism and grant religious freedoms to Catholics caused concern among many Protestant Englishmen.

2. Birth of James II's son: The birth of James II's son in 1688 raised fears of a Catholic dynasty and further intensified the opposition to his rule.

3. Invitation to William of Orange: A group of English nobles, known as the Immortal Seven, invited William of Orange and Mary to invade England and take the throne. William was seen as a Protestant champion and a defender of English liberties.

4. William's invasion: In November 1688, William of Orange landed in England with a large army. He faced little resistance and gained support from various factions, including some members of the English military.

5. Flight of James II: Faced with the prospect of defeat, James II fled to France, leaving the throne vacant.

6. William and Mary's accession: In February 1689, William and Mary were jointly crowned as King and Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. They accepted a Declaration of Rights, which limited the powers of the monarchy and affirmed the rights of Parliament.

Is it considered a revolution?

The events of 1688-1689 are widely regarded as a revolution, although some historians may debate the extent of its revolutionary nature. Here are some reasons why the Glorious Revolution is considered a revolution:

1. Change in power: The Glorious Revolution resulted in a significant change in power, with William and Mary replacing James II as the rulers of England. This change was achieved without widespread violence or bloodshed, making it a relatively peaceful revolution.

2. Shift in political structure: The Glorious Revolution led to a shift in the balance of power between the monarchy and Parliament. The Declaration of Rights, which William and Mary accepted, established the principle of parliamentary sovereignty and limited the powers of the monarchy. This marked a significant change in the political structure of England.

3. End of absolutism: The Glorious Revolution marked the end of absolute monarchy in England. It established the principle that the monarch's power is derived from the consent of Parliament and that the ruler should govern in accordance with the laws of the land.

4. Impact on future events: The Glorious Revolution had a lasting impact on the development of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy in England. It laid the foundation for the Bill of Rights in 1689 and influenced political developments in other countries, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution.

In conclusion, the events of 1688-1689 in England, known as the Glorious Revolution, can be considered a revolution due to the significant changes in power, the shift in the political structure, the end of absolutism, and the lasting impact on future events.