Question

Какие минусы в правлении Ивана 4? (15 штук)

Answer 1

1 закрепошение крестьян
2 последствие опричнины
3 борьба дворян и бояр
4 последствия Ливонской войны
5 Хозяйственный упадок, разорения
6 Окончание династии Рюриковичей
7 смута
8 власть становится деспотической
9 кризис
10 массовая гибель населения
11 страна разорена
12 отсутствие достойного приёмника
13 ослабление баярской и княжеской знати
14 утрачены земли из за пройгрыша в Ливонской войне
15 террор

Answer 2

Minuses of Ivan IV's Reign

Ivan IV, also known as Ivan the Terrible, faced several challenges and controversies during his reign. Here are some of the negatives associated with his rule:

1. Repression and Cruelty: Ivan IV's reign was marked by a significant level of repression and cruelty, particularly during the later years of his rule. His use of the Oprichnina, a state within a state, led to widespread terror and executions.

2. Economic Turmoil: The policies implemented by Ivan IV led to economic turmoil, including the imposition of heavy taxes and the disruption of trade, which negatively impacted the economy.

3. Political Instability: Ivan IV's reign was characterized by political instability, including conflicts with the nobility and the establishment of the Oprichnina, which further exacerbated tensions within the ruling class.

4. Military Failures: Despite early military successes, Ivan IV's later military campaigns were marked by significant failures, including the loss of territories and the weakening of Russia's position in international affairs.

5. Mental Instability: There are historical accounts that suggest Ivan IV exhibited signs of mental instability, which may have contributed to his erratic and often brutal behavior.

6. Legacy of Fear and Distrust: Ivan IV's reign left a legacy of fear and distrust among the Russian population, as his policies and actions instilled a sense of uncertainty and insecurity.

7. Social Unrest: The implementation of the Oprichnina and the subsequent purges led to social unrest and widespread fear among the population.

8. Impact on Succession: Ivan IV's reign had a lasting impact on the succession of future rulers, as his policies and actions influenced the dynamics of power within the Russian monarchy.

9. Loss of Territory: The later years of Ivan IV's reign saw the loss of significant territories, which weakened Russia's geopolitical position.

10. Destruction of Institutions: Ivan IV's policies and actions led to the destruction of existing institutions and the erosion of established norms, contributing to a sense of instability and uncertainty.

11. Tyrannical Rule: Ivan IV's rule has been characterized as tyrannical, with his use of the Oprichnina and the widespread use of terror tactics contributing to a climate of fear and oppression.

12. Impact on the Church: Ivan IV's reign had a significant impact on the Russian Orthodox Church, with the church facing challenges and persecution during this period.

13. Personal Tragedies: Ivan IV's personal life was marked by tragedies, including the deaths of family members and the impact of these losses on his mental state.

14. Isolation and Paranoia: Ivan IV's later years were marked by increasing isolation and paranoia, leading to a climate of suspicion and fear within the ruling circles.

15. Negative Historical Legacy: Ivan IV's reign left a negative historical legacy, with his rule often viewed as a period of turmoil, repression, and instability in Russian history.

Ivan IV's reign was complex and marked by a range of challenges and controversies, contributing to a mixed historical legacy.

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