Question

Распишите период правления Екатерины 1 Пётра 3( дата правления, внутренние реформы, последствия реформ, военные действия ((если были), расписать событие, дата, основные личности, итоги) ;вывод о правления (что изменилось в гос вк в период правления монарха) ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1) Политика Петра III вызвала в обществе недовольство, восстановила против него столичное общество. Особое недовольство среди офицеров вызвал отказ Петра III от всех завоеваний в период победоносной Семилетней войны с Пруссией, которую вела Елизавета Петровна.

2) При Екатерине 2 были проведены следующие реформы: 1.В 1763 г. проведена реформа Сената, в результате которой Сенат лишался законодательных функций (эти функции сохранялись только за монархом), был разделен на 6 департаментов. 2.В 1764 г. произошла ликвидация гетманства и элементов автономии на Украине; также была восстановлена Малороссийская коллегия, главой которой был назначен П.А. Румянцев.

3) Дворяне были недовольны политикой Павла I, потому что он призвал дворян к обязательной службе (до этого дворяне не служили), установил налог с дворян, ввел телесные наказания по суду (до этого дворян вообще не наказывали), запретил продажу крестьян без земли, ограничил барщин тремя днями (что было невыгодно дворянам).

4) 1. 1791 г. — Ясский мирный договор;

2. подтверждение присоединения к России Крыма и про-тектората   над    Восточной Грузией;  

3. России отошли земли между Днестром и Южным Бугом;

4. вывод российских войск из Молдавии, Валахии и Бессарабии

5) Разделы Речи Посполитой – это осуществлённые тремя европейскими государствами (Россией, Австрией, Пруссией) захват и присоединение польских земель, прошедшие в три этапа: в 1772, 1793 и 1795 годах.

6) При правлении Павла 1, Российская империя начала борьбу против французов. Под руководством Суворова Северная Италия была освобождена от французского господства. В сентябре 1799 года русская армия совершила знаменитый переход через Альпы.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Period of Catherine I's Reign

Catherine I ruled as Empress of Russia from 1725 to 1727. She ascended to the throne following the death of her husband, Peter I (Peter the Great). During her short reign, Catherine I implemented several internal reforms and faced military challenges.

Dates of Reign

Catherine I's reign began on February 8, 1725, and ended with her death on May 17, 1727.

Internal Reforms

Catherine I's reign was marked by a continuation of the reforms initiated by her husband, Peter the Great. She aimed to consolidate and strengthen the central authority of the Russian monarchy. Some of the key internal reforms during her reign included:

1. Administrative Reforms: Catherine I continued Peter the Great's efforts to modernize the Russian bureaucracy. She established the Senate as the highest governing body and reorganized the local administration by dividing Russia into provinces.

2. Military Reforms: Catherine I focused on strengthening the Russian military. She expanded the army and navy, improving their training and equipment. These reforms aimed to enhance Russia's military capabilities and protect its interests.

3. Economic Reforms: Catherine I implemented measures to stimulate trade and industry. She encouraged foreign merchants to invest in Russia and promoted the development of domestic industries. These efforts aimed to boost the Russian economy and increase its revenue.

Military Actions

During Catherine I's reign, Russia was involved in several military conflicts:

1. War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738): This war began after the death of the Polish king, Augustus II. Russia supported Augustus III's claim to the Polish throne against Stanisław Leszczyński, who was supported by France. The conflict ended with the Treaty of Vienna, which confirmed Augustus III as the King of Poland.

2. Russo-Persian War (1722-1723): This war was initiated by Persia's attempt to regain control over the Caucasus region. Russia, under Catherine I's rule, sent troops to defend its interests in the region. The war ended with the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, which recognized Russian control over the territories of Derbent, Baku, and the Caspian coast.

Key Personalities

During Catherine I's reign, several key personalities played significant roles:

1. Catherine I: As the ruling monarch, Catherine I made important decisions regarding internal reforms and military actions.

2. Alexander Menshikov: Menshikov was a close associate of Peter the Great and held significant influence during Catherine I's reign. He played a crucial role in the administration and military affairs of the Russian Empire.

Consequences and Legacy

Catherine I's reign had both short-term and long-term consequences for the Russian Empire:

1. Continuation of Reforms: Catherine I's reign marked a continuation of the reforms initiated by Peter the Great. Her efforts to strengthen the central authority and modernize the bureaucracy laid the foundation for further reforms in subsequent reigns.

2. Military Expansion: The military reforms implemented during Catherine I's reign contributed to the expansion of the Russian Empire's military capabilities. This expansion would play a crucial role in Russia's future conflicts and territorial acquisitions.

3. Strengthening of Central Authority: Catherine I's focus on consolidating the central authority of the monarchy helped to strengthen the power of the Russian Empire. This trend would continue in the following reigns, leading to a more centralized and autocratic system of governance.

In conclusion, Catherine I's reign was marked by the continuation of reforms initiated by Peter the Great, including administrative, military, and economic reforms. She faced military challenges and was involved in conflicts such as the War of the Polish Succession and the Russo-Persian War. Her reign contributed to the expansion of the Russian Empire's military capabilities and the strengthening of central authority.