Question

На что была направлена политика российского самодержавия в отношении разных регионов страны с их населением? ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Характерной чертой Российской империи было её национальное и религиозное многообразие. По данным переписи 1897 г., в стране проживало 146 народов и народностей.

Русский язык являлся официальным на всей территории империи, государственной религией считалось православие. Его исповедовали примерно 70 % населения.

Управление империей осуществлялось централизованно. Вся страна к началу XX века была разделена на 81 губернию и 22 области, часть из них входила в генерал-губернаторства (Московское, Киевское, Варшавское, Финляндское, Степное, Иркутское, Приамурское, Туркестанское). Русский язык был официальным, государственным на всей территории империи, православие — государственной религией.

В то же время на местах нередко проводилась политика, учитывавшая национальные особенности многих народов, Ограничений на исповедование иных религий (мусульманской, католической, лютеранской, буддизма и др.) в местах компактного проживания их приверженцев не существовало.

Жёсткий контроль властей над жизнью общества в конце XIX - начале XX в. исключал возможность возникновения открытых конфликтов на межнациональной основе.

Answer 2

Russian Autocracy's Policy towards Different Regions and Their Populations

The policy of Russian autocracy towards different regions of the country and their populations was multifaceted and evolved over time. Here are some key aspects of this policy:

1. Centralization of Power: Russian autocracy aimed to centralize power in the hands of the Tsar and the ruling elite. This centralization was intended to maintain control over the vast territories and diverse populations of the Russian Empire.

2. Russification: One aspect of the policy was the promotion of Russification, which aimed to assimilate non-Russian ethnic groups into Russian culture and language. This policy was particularly prominent in regions such as the Baltic states, Ukraine, and Central Asia.

3. Imperial Expansion: The Russian Empire expanded its territories through conquest and colonization. This expansionist policy aimed to extend Russian influence and control over new regions and populations. Notable examples include the annexation of Crimea in 1783 and the colonization of Siberia.

4. Control over Borderlands: The Russian autocracy sought to maintain control over the borderlands of the empire, which were often inhabited by non-Russian ethnic groups. This policy involved a combination of military presence, administrative control, and cultural assimilation efforts.

5. Economic Exploitation: The Russian autocracy implemented policies that aimed to exploit the economic resources of different regions for the benefit of the empire. This included the extraction of natural resources, such as timber and minerals, as well as the establishment of trade networks.

6. Patronage and Loyalty: The autocracy sought to maintain the loyalty of different regions and their populations through a system of patronage. This involved granting privileges and benefits to local elites and establishing a hierarchical system of governance.

It is important to note that the policies of Russian autocracy towards different regions and their populations were not uniform and varied depending on the specific historical context and the goals of the ruling elite. Additionally, the impact and perception of these policies differed among different groups within the empire.