Question

Прочти внимательно предложения и допиши их, учитывая закономерность природы: Сухой, с недостаточным увлажнением воздух Тибета жадно поглощает недостающую в нем влагу за счет испаряющегося снега. Сухость воздуха так велика, что жителям приходится обертывать парусиной и войлоком двери и деревянные колоны домой, чтобы они не потрескались. Путешественники натирают лицо и руки мазью, предохраняя их от образования трещин. Погибающие животные высыхают, превращаются в мумии, а растительность, высыхая, рассыпается в порошок. Постоянное испарение снега на нагорье Тибет происходит в результате ______ воздуха, которая характерна для ______________ областей нагорья. Причины этого явления объясняются: а) ______ над уровнем моря; б) ______ ; в) ______ . Нагорье удалено на тысячи километров от _________ и окружено _________ , которые препятствуют проникновению воздушных масс во внутренние области теплых и влажных воздушных масс.

Answer 1

1-сухого                                   2-субтропических                                     3-

Answer 2

The Dry Climate of Tibet

The dry and arid climate of Tibet is characterized by a lack of moisture in the air, which leads to various challenges for the people and the environment. The region's dryness is so extreme that residents have to wrap their doors and wooden columns with sailcloth and felt to prevent them from cracking. Travelers also apply ointments to their faces and hands to protect them from developing cracks. Animals that perish in this environment often mummify, and the vegetation dries up and turns into powder.

The constant evaporation of snow in the Tibetan Plateau is a result of the high altitude and the surrounding mountain ranges that prevent the penetration of warm and moist air masses into the inner regions of the plateau. The reasons behind this phenomenon can be explained as follows:

a) High altitude: The Tibetan Plateau is located at an average elevation of over 4,500 meters above sea level. The higher altitude means that the air pressure is lower, resulting in lower temperatures and reduced moisture-holding capacity of the air. As a result, the air in Tibet is drier and has less capacity to hold moisture, leading to a lack of humidity in the atmosphere.

b) Surrounding mountain ranges: Tibet is surrounded by several mountain ranges, including the Himalayas, the Kunlun Mountains, and the Karakoram Range. These mountain barriers act as a physical barrier, preventing the intrusion of warm and moist air masses from the surrounding regions. As a result, the moist air is forced to rise and cool as it encounters the mountains, leading to the condensation of moisture and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. By the time the air reaches the Tibetan Plateau, it has already lost much of its moisture content, resulting in a dry climate.

c) Rain shadow effect: The rain shadow effect is another factor contributing to the dryness of Tibet. When moist air masses encounter mountain ranges, they are forced to rise and cool, leading to the condensation of moisture and the formation of clouds and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. As the air descends on the leeward side of the mountains, it warms up and becomes drier, resulting in a rain shadow effect. Tibet is located in the rain shadow of the Himalayas, which means that it receives significantly less precipitation compared to the windward side of the mountains.

The combination of these factors creates a unique and challenging climate in Tibet, characterized by dryness, low humidity, and limited precipitation. The lack of moisture in the air has significant implications for the people, animals, and vegetation in the region, requiring them to adapt to the harsh conditions.