Question

Почему соленость в морях и океанах различная ? Ответьте пож

Answer 1

Соленость воды в открытых океанах зависит от трех факторов. Расстояние от пресного источника воды сильно влияет на соленость — вблизи устья рек, у кромок тающих льдов соленость поверхностных вод небольшая. Чем выше скорость испарения воды, тем больше его соленость, поэтому наибольшая соленость океанской воды наблюдается у южного и северного тропиков. Третьим фактором, влияющим на соленость, является скорость перемешивания воды под действием ветров и течений.

В частично закрытых или внутренних морях соленость воды в основном зависит от местных условий, характера почв, количества впадающих рек, климата.
Например, вода Средиземного и Красного морей очень соленая, а в одном литре воды Балтийского моря содержится только 7-18 миллиграммов соли.

Answer 2

Why is salinity different in seas and oceans?

The salinity, or salt content, of seas and oceans can vary due to several factors. Here are some key reasons for the variation in salinity:

1. Evaporation and Precipitation: The balance between evaporation and precipitation plays a significant role in determining the salinity of seas and oceans. When water evaporates, it leaves behind the dissolved salts, increasing the salinity. Conversely, when precipitation occurs, it dilutes the salt content, reducing the salinity.

2. River Inputs: Rivers carry freshwater into the seas and oceans, which can lower the salinity. The amount of freshwater input from rivers can vary depending on factors such as rainfall, geography, and human activities. For example, areas with high river discharge, such as the Amazon River, can significantly reduce the salinity in nearby coastal waters.

3. Ocean Circulation: Ocean currents play a role in distributing and mixing water with different salinities. Currents can transport water from regions with high salinity to areas with lower salinity, affecting the overall salinity levels in different parts of the ocean. This mixing process helps maintain a balance in salinity levels.

4. Climate and Geography: Climate patterns and geographical features can influence the salinity of seas and oceans. For instance, regions with high evaporation rates, such as the Red Sea, tend to have higher salinity levels. On the other hand, areas with heavy rainfall, like the Baltic Sea, may have lower salinity due to increased freshwater input.

It's important to note that salinity levels can also vary within different parts of the same sea or ocean due to local factors such as temperature, currents, and proximity to freshwater sources.

Overall, the salinity of seas and oceans is influenced by a combination of factors including evaporation, precipitation, river inputs, ocean circulation, climate, and geography. These factors work together to create the varying salinity levels observed in different bodies of water.

I hope this explanation helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.