Question

Как распалась югославия

Answer 1

Всё безопасно!Это ответ на твой вопрос"Как распалась Югославия?"

Answer 2

Распа́д Югосла́вии — обобщённое название событий 1991—2008 годов, в результате которых бывшая Социалистическая Федеративная Республика Югославия (СФРЮ) разделилась на шесть независимых стран и одно частично признанное государство. Процесс распада государства берёт начало в 1991—1992 годах, когда от СФРЮ отделились четыре из шести союзных республик (Словения, Хорватия, Босния и Герцеговина и Македония). Тогда же на территорию сначала Боснии и Герцеговины, а затем автономного края Косово были введены миротворческие силы ООН.

Югославия, в которой оставалось две республики, превратилась в федеративную Малую Югославию в составе Сербии и Черногории: c 1992 по 2003 год — Союзная Республика Югославия (СРЮ), с 2003 по 2006 год — конфедеративный Государственный Союз Сербии и Черногории (ГССЧ).

В 1999 году США и их союзники провели военную операцию в автономном крае Косово, который оказался под протекторатом ООН. Операция оправдывалась как гуманитарная интервенция, но она была проведена без мандата ООН, в связи с чем законность её проведения оспаривается[1] и характеризуется некоторыми критиками как военная агрессия[2].

3 июня 2006 года, с выходом из союза Черногории, Югославия окончательно прекратила существование.

17 февраля 2008 года в одностороннем порядке была провозглашена независимость Республики Косово от Сербии.

Answer 3

The Breakup of Yugoslavia

The breakup of Yugoslavia was a complex and multifaceted process that occurred during the 1990s. It involved the disintegration of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was a federation consisting of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. The breakup resulted in a series of violent conflicts, including the Croatian War of Independence, the Bosnian War, and the Kosovo War.

Causes of the Breakup: The breakup of Yugoslavia was influenced by a combination of historical, political, economic, and ethnic factors. Some of the key causes include:

1. Ethnic tensions: Yugoslavia was a multiethnic and multireligious country, with significant differences between its various regions and ethnic groups. These differences, combined with historical grievances, contributed to rising ethnic tensions.

2. Nationalism: The rise of nationalism in the late 1980s and early 1990s played a significant role in the breakup. Nationalist leaders emerged in different republics, advocating for independence and promoting the interests of their respective ethnic groups.

3. Political changes: The fall of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union had a profound impact on Yugoslavia. The country's political system, which had been based on socialist principles, began to crumble, leading to a power vacuum and increased political instability.

4. Economic difficulties: Yugoslavia faced severe economic challenges, including hyperinflation, high unemployment rates, and a growing foreign debt. These economic difficulties exacerbated existing tensions and contributed to the desire for greater autonomy and independence.

5. External influences: The breakup of Yugoslavia was also influenced by external factors, including the collapse of the Soviet Union, the end of the Cold War, and the changing geopolitical landscape in Europe.

Timeline of Events: The breakup of Yugoslavia can be traced back to the late 1980s and early 1990s. Here are some key events:

- 1989: The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe had a significant impact on Yugoslavia. This led to increased demands for political and economic reforms.

- 1990: The first multiparty elections were held in several Yugoslav republics, leading to the rise of nationalist parties advocating for independence.

- 1991: Slovenia and Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia, leading to armed conflicts with the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). The JNA, predominantly composed of Serb soldiers, intervened to prevent the secession of these republics.

- 1992: Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence, leading to a brutal war between Bosnian Serbs, Croats, and Bosniaks. The war resulted in widespread ethnic cleansing and atrocities.

- 1995: The Dayton Agreement was signed, ending the Bosnian War and establishing the current political structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

- 1999: The Kosovo War took place, with NATO launching airstrikes against Yugoslavia to stop the ethnic cleansing of Albanians in Kosovo. The war ended with the withdrawal of Serbian forces and the establishment of a UN administration in Kosovo.

Conclusion: The breakup of Yugoslavia was a complex and tragic process that involved a combination of historical, political, economic, and ethnic factors. It resulted in the formation of several independent states in the Balkans and was accompanied by violent conflicts and widespread human rights abuses. The legacy of the breakup continues to shape the region to this day.

[[7]](https://carnegieendowment.org/2017/09/25/ru-pub-73207)