Question

Пять предложений о форме земли

Answer 1

В нулевом приближении можно считать, что Земля имеет форму шара со средним радиусом 6371,3 км. ... Из-за суточного вращения она сплюснута с полюсов; высоты материков различны; форму поверхности искажают и приливные деформации. В геодезии и космонавтике для описания фигуры Земли обычно выбирают эллипсоид вращения или геоид.

Answer 2

Form of the Earth

The Earth is not a perfect sphere, but rather has a slightly flattened shape known as an oblate spheroid. Here are five key points about the form of the Earth:

1. Oblate Spheroid: The Earth's shape is best described as an oblate spheroid, meaning it is mostly spherical but slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. 2. Equatorial Bulge: Due to the Earth's rotation, the centrifugal force causes the equator to bulge outward, making it wider than the poles. This bulge is a result of the Earth's rotation and the force acting outward from the center of rotation. 3. Polar Flattening: The poles of the Earth are slightly flattened compared to the equator. This flattening is caused by the centrifugal force pushing material away from the axis of rotation, resulting in a smaller radius at the poles. 4. Geoid: The Earth's shape is not perfectly smooth, but rather has variations in its gravitational field, resulting in a shape known as the geoid. The geoid represents the shape the Earth's surface would take if it were covered by a uniform layer of water, accounting for the gravitational pull of different regions. 5. Measurements and Models: The shape of the Earth has been studied and measured using various techniques, including satellite measurements, geodetic surveys, and mathematical models. These measurements and models help us understand the Earth's shape and its variations more accurately.

These points provide an overview of the form of the Earth, highlighting its oblate spheroid shape, equatorial bulge, polar flattening, geoid variations, and the methods used to study and measure its shape.