Question

Як і чому підстилаючи поверхня впливає на клімат? 4.Поміркувати над питанням: чи може у майбутньому змінитися клімат? Чому? 5.Опишіть від яких кліматотворних чинників залежить температура приземного шару повітря у Вашій місцевості впродовж року. ДАМ 48 БАЛОВ!!! СРОЧНО НАДО

Answer 1

Ответ:

так в майбутньому може змінитися клімат . За викиданням сміття , викиди в атмосферу вуглекислого газу і тд

Answer 2

How does the underlying surface affect the climate?

The underlying surface, also known as the land surface or land cover, plays a significant role in influencing the climate. Different types of surfaces, such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and urban areas, have distinct characteristics that can impact temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other climatic factors. Here are some ways in which the underlying surface affects the climate:

1. Albedo: The albedo of a surface refers to its ability to reflect sunlight. Surfaces with high albedo, such as snow and ice, reflect more sunlight back into space, leading to cooler temperatures. In contrast, surfaces with low albedo, like dark asphalt or forests, absorb more sunlight, resulting in warmer temperatures.

2. Evapotranspiration: Vegetated surfaces, such as forests and grasslands, release moisture through a process called evapotranspiration. This moisture contributes to the formation of clouds and precipitation, which can influence regional rainfall patterns.

3. Surface roughness: The roughness of a surface affects the movement of air near the ground. Rough surfaces, like forests or urban areas with tall buildings, create more friction and turbulence, slowing down wind speed. In contrast, smooth surfaces, such as open water or grasslands, allow air to flow more freely.

4. Heat storage and release: Different surfaces have varying abilities to store and release heat. For example, urban areas with concrete and asphalt tend to absorb and retain heat, leading to the formation of urban heat islands. In contrast, vegetated surfaces can provide shade and cooling through evapotranspiration.

5. Land-ocean contrast: The contrast between land and ocean surfaces can influence the formation of sea and land breezes. During the day, land heats up more quickly than the ocean, creating a low-pressure area over the land. This draws in cooler air from the ocean, resulting in a sea breeze. At night, the land cools faster, creating a high-pressure area that leads to a land breeze.

These are just a few examples of how the underlying surface can impact the climate. It's important to note that the interactions between the atmosphere and the underlying surface are complex and can vary depending on the specific geographic location and climate conditions.