Question

З’ясуйте можливі причини перенесення столиць Нігерії (із лагоса до Абуджі), Тан­занії (із дар­ес­Салама в додому) та кот­д’івуару (з Абіджана до Ямусукро). Якими є позитивні й негативні наслідки таких змін?​

Answer 1

Ответ.

• Причини перенесення столиць:
• Нігерії (із Лагоса до Абуджі).Лагос-это крупный мировой порт на побережье Атлантического океана с населением около 14 млн. человек, а Абуджа-город, расположенный в центральной части страны в степной долине, с населением около 800 тыс. человек.Выбирая новую столицу, президент делал акцент на то, чтобы здесь не было преобладания одного этноса над другим, одной религии над другой, чтобы все социальные группы были равны.
• Танзанії (із Дар-ес-Салама в Додому).Во-первых Дар-ес-Салам-это морской порт на побережье Индийского океана, с населением порядка 6,4 млн. человек, а Додома расположен в центре страны с населением около 2,2 млн. человек.Во-вторых в  70-е 90-е годы прошлого века в Дар-эс-Саламе была развита однопартийная система правительства, которую упразднили в конце 90-х годов.Чтобы укрепить демократические процессы столицу перенесли в центральную часть страны в город Додому.Но в Дар-эс-Саламе были сохранены  все функции банковских, посольских учреждений.
• Котд’івуару (з Абіджана до Ямусукро). Абиджан-это крупный порт, расположенный на побережье Атлантического океана в Гвинейском заливе, с населением порядка 4,4 млн. человек.Ямусукро-это новая столица страны, расположенная в центральной её части, с населением порядка 280 тыс. человек.Это был родной город первого президента страны, что послужило одной из причин переноса сюда столицы.

Объяснение.

Якими є позитивні й негативні наслідки таких змін?​

В Танзании началось развитие центральной части страны, перенос туда банковских систем, улучшение инфраструктуры, поскольку именно побережье было хорошо развито благодаря крупному порту.

В Нигерии Абуджа довольно слабо развитой город по отношению к Лагосу.Его население в десятки раз меньше.Здесь нет крупной промышленности.Есть аэропорт, строится железная дорога, соединяющая побережье (Лагос) с новой столицей.В 70-х годах прошлого века Лагос пережил демографический взрыв.

В Кот-д’Ивуаре основным фактором переноса столицы является то, что Ямусукро является родным городом первого президента.Но Абиджан до сих пор является экономической столицей страны, где расположены большинство представительств зарубежных компаний.

#SPJ1

Answer 2

Possible Reasons for Capital Relocations

The decision to relocate a capital city can be influenced by various factors, including political, economic, geographic, and historical considerations. Here are some possible reasons for the capital relocations in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Côte d'Ivoire:

# Nigeria:

- Political Considerations: The decision to move the capital of Nigeria from Lagos to Abuja was primarily driven by political reasons. Lagos, as the former capital, was seen as overcrowded and lacked the necessary infrastructure to support the growing needs of the government. The relocation aimed to create a new capital that would be more centrally located and provide a fresh start for the country [[1]]. - Geographic Considerations: Abuja is situated in the center of Nigeria, which allows for better accessibility and representation for citizens from different regions of the country. It was believed that a more centrally located capital would help promote national unity and reduce regional imbalances [[2]].

# Tanzania:

- Political Considerations: The decision to relocate the capital of Tanzania from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma was driven by political motivations. Dodoma, located in the central part of the country, was seen as a more neutral and less ethnically dominant location compared to Dar es Salaam. The move aimed to decentralize power and promote national unity [[3]]. - Historical Considerations: Dodoma has historical significance as the location where the independence of Tanganyika (which later became Tanzania) was declared in 1961. The capital relocation to Dodoma was seen as a way to honor this historical event and symbolize the unity of the nation [[4]].

# Côte d'Ivoire:

- Political Considerations: The decision to move the capital of Côte d'Ivoire from Abidjan to Yamoussoukro was primarily driven by political motivations. Yamoussoukro is the hometown of Félix Houphouët-Boigny, the first president of Côte d'Ivoire, and the relocation aimed to centralize power and promote development in the interior regions of the country [[5]]. - Symbolic Considerations: The relocation of the capital to Yamoussoukro was also influenced by symbolic reasons. The city is home to the Basilica of Our Lady of Peace, one of the largest churches in the world, which was built by President Houphouët-Boigny as a symbol of national pride and unity [[6]].

Positive and Negative Consequences of Capital Relocations

Capital relocations can have both positive and negative consequences for a country. Here are some potential effects of such changes:

# Positive Consequences:

- Regional Development: Relocating the capital to a different city can lead to increased investment and development in the new capital and its surrounding regions. This can help distribute economic opportunities more evenly across the country and reduce regional disparities [[1]]. - Infrastructure Development: Capital relocations often involve the construction of new government buildings, transportation networks, and other infrastructure. This can stimulate economic growth, create job opportunities, and improve the overall quality of life in the new capital [[2]]. - Symbolic Value: Moving the capital can have symbolic value, representing a fresh start, national unity, or the recognition of historical events. It can foster a sense of pride and identity among citizens and strengthen national cohesion [[3]].

# Negative Consequences:

- Disruption and Cost: Capital relocations can be logistically challenging and expensive. The process of moving government offices, infrastructure, and personnel can cause disruptions to administrative functions and services. The financial costs associated with the relocation can also strain the country's budget [[4]]. - Social and Economic Disparities: Relocating the capital may lead to the neglect of the former capital city, resulting in social and economic disparities between the old and new capitals. The former capital may experience a decline in investment and development, affecting the livelihoods of its residents [[5]]. - Resistance and Opposition: Capital relocations can face resistance and opposition from various stakeholders, including citizens, businesses, and political groups. Disagreements over the choice of the new capital, concerns about the impact on local economies, and political rivalries can hinder the successful implementation of the relocation [[6]].

It's important to note that the specific consequences of capital relocations can vary depending on the context, government policies, and the effectiveness of planning and implementation strategies.

[[1]] Source: [Wikipedia - Abuja](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuja) [[2]] Source: [WorldAtlas - Why Was Abuja Made the Capital of Nigeria?](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/why-was-abuja-made-the-capital-of-nigeria.html) [[3]] Source: [WorldAtlas - Why Was Dodoma Made the Capital of Tanzania?](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/why-was-dodoma-made-the-capital-of-tanzania.html) [[4]] Source: [Britannica - Dodoma](https://www.britannica.com/place/Dodoma) [[5]] Source: [WorldAtlas - Why Was Yamoussoukro Made the Capital of Côte d'Ivoire?](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/why-was-yamoussoukro-made-the-capital-of-cote-d-ivoire.html) [[6]] Source: [Britannica - Yamoussoukro](https://www.britannica.com/place/Yamoussoukro)