Question

Как растения пустынь приспособились к местному природной среде

Answer 1

  Как растения пустынь приспособились к местному природной среде:

-имеют очень длинные корни

-вместо листьев колючки

-запасают воду в стеблях и стволе, которые похожи на губку

-на листьях есть восковый налёт или опушение

-многие растения имет короткий период вегетации.

Answer 2

Adaptations of Desert Plants to their Environment

Desert plants have evolved various adaptations to survive in the harsh conditions of their environment. These adaptations help them conserve water, tolerate high temperatures, and cope with limited resources. Here are some key ways in which desert plants have adapted:

1. Succulence: Some desert plants, such as cacti and succulents, have developed the ability to store water in their stems, leaves, or roots. This allows them to survive during periods of drought when water is scarce. The thick, fleshy tissues of these plants act as reservoirs, enabling them to store water for long periods of time.

2. Reduced Leaf Surface: Many desert plants have small or reduced leaves to minimize water loss through transpiration. This adaptation helps to conserve water by reducing the surface area exposed to the hot and dry desert air. In some cases, leaves may be absent altogether, and photosynthesis occurs in the stems or other specialized structures.

3. Waxy Coating: Desert plants often have a waxy coating on their leaves or stems, known as a cuticle. This cuticle helps to reduce water loss by forming a barrier that prevents excessive evaporation. The wax also reflects sunlight, reducing heat absorption and helping to keep the plant cool.

4. Deep Root Systems: Desert plants often have extensive root systems that extend deep into the ground to access water sources that are located far below the surface. These deep roots allow the plants to tap into underground water reserves, such as aquifers, and survive during periods of drought.

5. CAM Photosynthesis: Many desert plants use a specialized form of photosynthesis called Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM). CAM plants open their stomata (tiny openings on the surface of leaves) at night to take in carbon dioxide and store it as an organic acid. During the day, when the stomata are closed to reduce water loss, the stored carbon dioxide is released and used for photosynthesis. This adaptation allows the plants to conserve water by minimizing daytime transpiration.

6. Spines and Thorns: Some desert plants, such as cacti, have evolved spines or thorns instead of leaves. These structures serve multiple purposes, including reducing water loss, providing shade, and deterring herbivores from feeding on the plant. The spines also help to trap moisture from the air, which can then be absorbed by the plant.

7. CAM Physiology: In addition to CAM photosynthesis, some desert plants have developed CAM physiology. This means that they can close their stomata during the day to prevent water loss, while still allowing carbon dioxide to enter the plant. This adaptation helps to conserve water and maintain the plant's internal moisture levels.

These are just a few examples of the many adaptations that desert plants have developed to survive in their harsh environment. Each adaptation plays a crucial role in helping these plants thrive in conditions that would be challenging for most other species.

I hope you find this information helpful! Let me know if you have any more questions.