Question

Процессы в географическом оболочке​

Answer 1

В географической оболочке происходит глобальный круговорот веществ и энергии. В глобальном круговороте выделяют круговороты отдельных компонентов: кислорода, азота, углерода, воды, воздушных масс, биологический круговорот, циркуляцию воды в океане.

Answer 2

#### Processes in the Geographical Shell The term "geographical shell" is not commonly used in geography. However, based on the limited information provided, it seems that you may be referring to processes that occur within the Earth's geographical or physical environment. These processes can include various natural phenomena and human activities that shape the Earth's surface and influence its ecosystems. **Natural Processes:** 1. **Weathering and Erosion**: Weathering refers to the breakdown of rocks and minerals on the Earth's surface, while erosion involves the transportation and deposition of weathered materials by wind, water, or ice. These processes contribute to the formation of landforms such as mountains, valleys, and coastlines. 2. **Plate Tectonics**: The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large plates that are constantly moving. Plate tectonics is the study of the movement and interaction of these plates, which leads to the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. 3. **Climate and Weather**: Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions in a particular region, while weather refers to the short-term variations in these conditions. Climate and weather patterns are influenced by factors such as latitude, altitude, ocean currents, and atmospheric circulation. **Human Processes:** 1. **Urbanization**: The growth and development of cities and urban areas. Urbanization involves the expansion of built-up areas, the migration of people from rural to urban areas, and the associated social, economic, and environmental changes. 2. **Industrialization**: The process of economic development characterized by the growth of industries and the shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy. Industrialization can have significant impacts on the environment, including pollution and resource depletion. 3. **Agriculture**: The cultivation of crops and the rearing of animals for food, fiber, and other products. Agricultural practices can vary widely depending on the region and can have both positive and negative environmental impacts. 4. **Deforestation**: The clearing of forests for various purposes, such as agriculture, logging, and urban expansion. Deforestation can lead to habitat loss, soil erosion, and climate change. 5. **Resource Extraction**: The extraction of natural resources, such as minerals, fossil fuels, and timber. Resource extraction can have significant environmental and social consequences, including habitat destruction, pollution, and displacement of indigenous communities. It is important to note that the processes mentioned above are just a few examples, and there are many more processes that occur within the Earth's geographical shell. Geography is a broad and interdisciplinary field that encompasses the study of various physical and human phenomena, and the interactions between them.