Question

Помогите пожалуйста,надо срочно ........Выбрать одну из стран Центральной или Западной Африки...........1. Географическое положение (в какой части материка расположена страна, какими океанами или морями омывается, с какими странами граничит, как называется столица) 2. Особенности рельефа (основные формы рельефа и их названия), полезные ископаемые. 3. Климатические условия в разных частях страны. 4. Крупные реки и озёра. 5. Природные зоны страны. 6. Народы, населяющие страну. 7. Хозяйственная деятельность населения страны.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. Географическое положение (в какой части материка расположена страна, с какими странами граничит, как называется столица).Страна расположена в двух частях света: на севере Африки и на Синайском полуострове (Азия).Египет граничит с Ливией на западе, с Суданом на юге, с Израилем и Палестиной на северо-востоке. Столица Каир.

2. Особенности рельефа (основные формы рельефа и их названия), полезные ископаемые. Рельеф страны довольно разнообразный.На востоке расположен Синайский полуостров с самой высокой точкой страны горой Катерин (2642 м).На  востоке и северо-востоке есть небольшие горы (Синайские и горы Этбай).На севере страны расположена низменность в которой находится дельта самой большой реки материка Нил.Западнее от Нила расположена впадина Каттара (-133 м).

 Из полезных ископаемых тут есть нефть, газ, железная руда, цинк, марганец, фосфаты, известняк.

3. Климатические условия в разных частях страны. Страна расположена в субтропическом климатическом поясе (небольшая часть на севере) и тропическом (большая часть страны).Климат на большей части страны тропический пустынный, лето очень жаркое, температура июля +35°, зима немного холоднее +20°.Осадков выпадает очень мало до 25 мм в год.Здесь наблюдаются большие суточные перепады температур.

 На побережье Средиземного и Красного морей климат средиземноморский тропический: лето сухое, средняя температура июля +25°, зима мягкая температура января +20°, воздух влажный, среднегодовое количество осадков около 250 мм.Суточные колебания температуры незначительные.

4. Крупные реки и озёра. - Река Нил, озеро Насер.

5. Природные зоны и их основные особенности. Почти вся территория это пустыни и полупустыни с очень жарким и сухим климатом.

6. Народы, населяющие страну, их быт и основные занятия. Это арабы, египтяне, нубийцы. Они заняты сельским хозяйством в районе дельты реки Нил.

7. Хозяйственная деятельность населения страны. - В промышленности Египта огромную роль играет добыча нефти и природного газа, пищевая отрасль, производство хлопчатобумажных тканей и одежды, металлургия (производство стали и алюминия), некоторые отрасли машиностроения, электроэнергетика. Кроме нефти и газа в Египте добываются фосфориты, железные и марганцевые руды.

Answer 2

Central Africa

1. Geographical Location: Central Africa is located in the central part of the African continent. It is bordered by several countries, including Cameroon, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. The capital city of Central Africa is Bangui [[1]].

2. Relief Features: Central Africa is characterized by diverse relief features. It includes the Congo Basin, which is a vast lowland area covered by tropical rainforests. The region also has plateaus, such as the Adamawa Plateau and the Ubangi Plateau. Additionally, there are mountain ranges like the Cameroon Volcanic Line and the Albertine Rift. Notable mountains in Central Africa include Mount Cameroon and Mount Nyiragongo. The region is rich in mineral resources, including oil, diamonds, gold, and uranium [[2]].

3. Climate: Central Africa experiences a tropical climate with high temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. The region has two main seasons: a wet season and a dry season. The wet season typically occurs from April to October, with heavy rainfall. The dry season, with less rainfall, usually lasts from November to March. The climate varies slightly across different parts of Central Africa due to variations in elevation and proximity to the equator [[3]].

4. Major Rivers and Lakes: Central Africa is home to several major rivers and lakes. The Congo River, one of the longest rivers in the world, flows through the region. It is a vital transportation route and supports diverse ecosystems. Other significant rivers include the Ubangi River, the Chari River, and the Sangha River. As for lakes, Lake Chad is located in the northeastern part of Central Africa. It is a crucial water source for the surrounding countries [[4]].

5. Natural Zones: Central Africa encompasses various natural zones. The Congo Basin, with its dense rainforests, is the dominant natural zone in the region. It is known for its rich biodiversity, including numerous species of plants and animals. Other natural zones include savannas, grasslands, and swamps. The region also has national parks and protected areas to preserve its unique ecosystems [[5]].

6. Ethnic Groups: Central Africa is home to a diverse range of ethnic groups. Some of the major ethnic groups include the Bantu peoples, such as the Fang, Baka, and Gbaya. Other ethnic groups include the Pygmies, who are indigenous hunter-gatherer communities, and the Fulani, who are pastoralists. Each ethnic group has its own distinct culture, traditions, and languages [[6]].

7. Economic Activities: The population of Central Africa engages in various economic activities. Agriculture is a significant sector, with subsistence farming being the primary form of agriculture. The region produces crops such as cassava, yams, maize, and plantains. Additionally, Central Africa has natural resources like oil, timber, and minerals, which contribute to its economy. However, the region faces challenges in terms of infrastructure development and economic diversification [[7]].

West Africa

1. Geographical Location: West Africa is located in the western part of the African continent. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south, and it shares land borders with several countries, including Nigeria, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Ivory Coast. The capital cities of West African countries vary, with Abuja being the capital of Nigeria, Niamey being the capital of Niger, and Bamako being the capital of Mali, among others [[8]].

2. Relief Features: West Africa is characterized by diverse relief features. It includes the Guinea Highlands, which are located in the southwestern part of the region. The region also has plateaus, such as the Jos Plateau in Nigeria and the Fouta Djallon Plateau in Guinea. Additionally, there are coastal plains along the Atlantic coastline. West Africa is rich in mineral resources, including gold, diamonds, bauxite, and iron ore [[9]].

3. Climate: West Africa experiences a variety of climates due to its size and geographical features. The region has a tropical climate, with high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically occurs from April to October, with heavy rainfall. The dry season, with less rainfall, usually lasts from November to March. The climate varies across different parts of West Africa, with the Sahel region in the north being more arid compared to the coastal areas [[10]].

4. Major Rivers and Lakes: West Africa is home to several major rivers and lakes. The Niger River, one of the longest rivers in Africa, flows through the region. It is a vital water source for agriculture and transportation. Other significant rivers include the Senegal River, the Volta River, and the Gambia River. As for lakes, Lake Volta in Ghana is the largest artificial lake in the world, created by the construction of the Akosombo Dam [[11]].

5. Natural Zones: West Africa encompasses various natural zones. The region includes the Sahel, a semi-arid zone located between the Sahara Desert and the savannas. The Sahel is characterized by sparse vegetation and is prone to droughts. Other natural zones in West Africa include savannas, rainforests, and mangrove swamps. The region is known for its diverse wildlife, including elephants, lions, and chimpanzees [[12]].

6. Ethnic Groups: West Africa is home to a diverse range of ethnic groups. Some of the major ethnic groups include the Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo in Nigeria, the Mandinka in Senegal, the Akan in Ghana, and the Mossi in Burkina Faso. Each ethnic group has its own distinct culture, traditions, and languages. West Africa is known for its rich cultural heritage, including music, dance, and art [[13]].

7. Economic Activities: The population of West Africa engages in various economic activities. Agriculture is a significant sector, with crops such as cocoa, cotton, yams, and millet being important agricultural products. The region also has natural resources like oil, gas, and minerals, which contribute to its economy. Additionally, trade and services play a crucial role in the economic development of West African countries [[14]].

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