Question

Определите являются ли выделенные слова – причастием, отглагольным существительным или герундием. 1) Knowing English well he translated the article without a dictionary. 2) He took part in the sittings . 3) She is looking at the woman sitting at the window. 4) After saying this he left the room. 5) Have you any reason for saying such things? 6) The reading of this book took two hours. 7) He sat in the arm-chair reading a newspaper. 8) My little son shows his enjoyment by crying. 9) The crying child was comforted by his nurse. 10) She stopped crying, looked up, said nothing.

Answer 1

1) "Knowing" is a participle. 2) "sittings" is a noun. 3) "sitting" is a gerund. 4) "saying" is a gerund. 5) "saying" is a gerund. 6) "reading" is a noun. 7) "reading" is a gerund. 8) "crying" is a gerund. 9) "crying" is a gerund. 10) "crying" is a gerund.

Explanation:

1) "Knowing" is a present participle that functions as an adjective modifying the noun "he." It describes the state of the person who translated the article. 2) "Sittings" is a noun derived from the verb "sit." It refers to the act of sitting or the sessions of a meeting or conference. 3) "Sitting" is a gerund, which is a verb form that functions as a noun. In this sentence, it acts as the object of the verb "looking at" and refers to the action of someone sitting at the window. 4) "Saying" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the object of the preposition "after" and refers to the action of speaking or expressing something. 5) "Saying" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the object of the preposition "for" and refers to the action of speaking or expressing something. 6) "Reading" is a noun derived from the verb "read." It refers to the act of reading or the activity of engaging with written text. 7) "Reading" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the object of the preposition "in" and refers to the action of reading. 8) "Crying" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the object of the possessive pronoun "his" and refers to the action of shedding tears. 9) "Crying" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the subject of the passive verb "was comforted" and refers to the action of shedding tears. 10) "Crying" is a gerund that functions as a noun. It is the object of the verb "stopped" and refers to the action of shedding tears.

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