Question

Помогите перевести текст на английский. За свою историю буддизм мог несколько раз становиться государственной религией в той или иной азиатской стране. Где-то его поддерживали, где-то изгоняли, а через несколько столетий начинали вновь поддерживать. Буддизм как мировая религия перетерпел множество трансформаций, расслоившись на множество школ и течений, в количестве которых с ним не сравнится ни одна другая мировая религия. Возможность трактовать вероучение буддизма по своему усмотрению позволила ему объединиться с коренными религиями многих стран, превратившись в ламаизм в Тибете или дзен-буддизм в Китае. Экзотичность буддийского вероучения наконец привела его в Европу и Америку, где он был активно подхвачен людьми, которых уже не удовлетворяло христианство. Специфика буддизма в том, что он вмещает в себя черты мировой религии как открытой системы, так и черты национальных религий - закрытых систем, о которых принято говорить, что они могут быть «впитаны только с молоком матери». Это обусловлено исторически, в буддизме шли параллельно два процесса: - распространение в разных странах больших традиций (Хинаяны, Махаяны и Ваджраяны), единых для буддистов всего мира, с одной стороны, - и возникновение национальных форм бытовой религиозности, продиктованных конкретными условиями жизни и культурными реалиями, с другой. Примечательно, что в самой Индии буддизм не получил дальнейшего развития. По статистическим данным на начало XXI века его исповедует менее 0,5% индийского населения (1), что даже меньше, чем в России, где 1% населения причисляет себя к буддистам. Доминирующей религией Индии остается индуизм, также распространен ислам.

Answer 1

For the history the Buddhism could become several times the state religion in this or that Asian country. Somewhere he was supported, somewhere expelled, and in some centuries started being supported again. The Buddhism as world religion endured a set of transformations, having stratified on a set of schools and currents in number of which any other world religion won't be compared to it. Opportunity to treat Buddhism dogma at discretion allowed it to unite with radical religions of many countries, having turned into a Lamaism in Tibet or a zen Buddhism in China. Exoticism of Buddhist dogma at last brought it into Europe and America where it was picked actively up by people who weren't satisfied any more by Christianity.Specifics of the Buddhism that it contains in itself(himself) lines of world religion both open system, and line of national religions - the closed systems about which it is accepted to say that they can "be absorbed only with mother's milk". It is caused historically, in the Buddhism there were in parallel two processes: - distribution in the different countries of big traditions (Hinayana, the Mahajana and Vajrayana), uniform for Buddhists of the whole world, on the one hand- and emergence of the national forms of household religiousness dictated by specific conditions of life and cultural realities with another. It is remarkable that in India the Buddhism didn't gain further development. According to statistical data for the beginning of the XXI century it is professed by less than 0,5% of the Indian population (1), what even it is less, than in Russia where 1% of the population ranks itself as Buddhists. The dominating religion of India there is a Hinduism, Islam is also widespread.

Answer 2

History of Buddhism as a State Religion in Asia

Buddhism has had a complex history as a state religion in various Asian countries. It has been both supported and suppressed at different times and in different regions. Over the centuries, Buddhism has undergone numerous transformations, giving rise to a multitude of schools and traditions, unlike any other world religion. Its adaptability has allowed it to merge with indigenous religions in many countries, such as becoming Lamaism in Tibet and Zen Buddhism in China. The exotic nature of Buddhist teachings eventually led to its spread to Europe and America, where it attracted those dissatisfied with Christianity.

The unique aspect of Buddhism lies in its ability to encompass both the characteristics of a global religion as an open system and the traits of national religions as closed systems. This duality is historically rooted in the parallel processes of the spread of major traditions (Hinayana, Mahayana, and Vajrayana) common to Buddhists worldwide, and the emergence of national forms of religious practices dictated by specific life conditions and cultural realities.

Interestingly, in India, Buddhism did not continue to thrive. As of the early 21st century, less than 0.5% of the Indian population identified as Buddhist, even fewer than in Russia, where 1% of the population considers themselves Buddhists. Hinduism remains the dominant religion in India, alongside Islam.

Buddhism's Development in Different Countries

Buddhism's journey as a state religion has been marked by diverse experiences in different countries. It has faced challenges and opportunities, leading to its varied development across Asia. The spread of major traditions common to Buddhists worldwide, alongside the emergence of national forms of religious practices, has contributed to the rich tapestry of Buddhism's evolution.

Conclusion

Buddhism's historical journey as a state religion has been characterized by its adaptability, diverse transformations, and its ability to merge with indigenous religions. Its unique duality as a global and national religion has shaped its development in various countries. Despite its decline in India, Buddhism continues to be a significant global religion with a rich and complex history.