Question

1 What did the first magic lanterns consist of? 2 How did Etienne Gaspar Robert scare his audiences? 3 What was the limitation of the kinetoscope? 4 How did the Lumière brothers impress their spectators? 5 Why did Hollywood become so famous?

Answer 1

Ответ:

1.Several scientists in the 18th century developed devices that used hand-drawn pictures on a reflecting surface, a candle and a simple lens to project images onto a wall

2.He scared his enthusiastic audiences with images of witches, ghosts and other spooky creatures.

3.The film could only be watched by one person at a time, looking though a small window to see the moving images.

4.When the film was shown for the first time, the audience was so started by the huge image of the train coming towards them thay started to scream and run away

5.The film industry began to flourish,and Hollywood became the world's number one place for film production: over 800 films were there each year.

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Answer 2

1. What did the first magic lanterns consist of?

The first magic lanterns consisted of a light source, usually a candle or an oil lamp, and a lens system to project images onto a screen or wall. The lanterns were typically made of wood or metal and had a chimney to release smoke and heat. The images were painted on glass slides or depicted on transparent plates made of animal horn or mica. When the light passed through the slides, the images were projected onto a surface, creating the illusion of moving pictures. [[1]]

2. How did Etienne Gaspar Robert scare his audiences?

Etienne Gaspar Robert, also known as Robertson, was a Belgian inventor and showman who used magic lanterns to create frightening and immersive experiences for his audiences. He achieved this by combining the use of multiple lanterns, moving images, and sound effects. One of his most famous techniques was the "Phantasmagoria," a ghost show where he projected images of ghosts and supernatural beings onto smoke or semi-transparent screens. He would also use hidden projectors and other theatrical effects to make the images appear and disappear, creating a sense of mystery and fear among the spectators. [[2]]

3. What was the limitation of the kinetoscope?

The kinetoscope, invented by Thomas Edison and William Kennedy Dickson, was an early motion picture exhibition device. It allowed one person at a time to view short films through a peephole. While the kinetoscope was a significant development in the history of cinema, it had a limitation in terms of audience size. Since only one person could view the film at a time, it was not suitable for large-scale public screenings. The kinetoscope was primarily used in penny arcades and amusement parlors, where people could pay a small fee to watch short films individually. [[3]]

4. How did the Lumière brothers impress their spectators?

The Lumière brothers, Auguste and Louis Lumière, were pioneers of early cinema. They impressed their spectators by showcasing their invention, the Cinématographe, which was a combination of a camera, a film projector, and a printer. The Lumière brothers organized public screenings of their films, which were short, documentary-style clips capturing everyday scenes. Their films, such as "Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat" and "Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory," amazed audiences with their realistic depiction of movement and everyday life. The Lumière brothers' screenings were highly popular and attracted large audiences, contributing to the growth and popularity of cinema as a form of entertainment. [[4]]

5. Why did Hollywood become so famous?

Hollywood became famous as the center of the American film industry due to several factors. Here are a few key reasons:

a. Climate and Natural Scenery: Hollywood's location in Southern California provided a favorable climate for year-round filming. The region's diverse landscapes, including deserts, mountains, and beaches, offered a variety of settings for different types of films.

b. Access to Resources: Hollywood had easy access to a wide range of resources required for filmmaking, including skilled labor, production facilities, and technical expertise. The proximity to major cities and transportation networks facilitated the movement of people, equipment, and materials.

c. Studio System: The establishment of major film studios in Hollywood, such as Paramount Pictures, Warner Bros., and Universal Pictures, created a centralized hub for film production. The studio system allowed for efficient and streamlined production processes, talent management, and distribution networks.

d. Talent Pool: Hollywood attracted talented actors, directors, writers, and other professionals from around the world. The presence of renowned film schools, such as the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts, further contributed to the development of a skilled workforce.

e. Marketing and Promotion: Hollywood studios invested heavily in marketing and promotion, creating a strong brand identity for American cinema. The glitz and glamour associated with Hollywood, along with the star system and red carpet events, helped create a sense of fascination and allure for audiences worldwide.

f. Success of Early Studios: The early success of studios like MGM, Paramount, and Warner Bros. in producing popular and financially successful films solidified Hollywood's reputation as a major film production center.

These factors, combined with the growth of the American film industry and the global popularity of Hollywood films, contributed to the fame and influence of Hollywood as the entertainment capital of the world. [[5]]