Question

Answer the questions: 1. Each generation of computers has resulted from an advance in component technology, hasn't it? 2. ES series computers are used not only in the socialist world, but in the developing and industrialized capitalist countries, aren't they? 3. A major advance in the development of computer technology was the creation of microprocessors and microcomputers, wasn't it? FROM THE HISTORY OF COMPUTERS The first generation of computers, which used vacuum tubes, came out in 1950. These computers could perform thousands of calculations per second. About I960, the second generation of computers was developed and these could perform work ten times faster than their predecessors. The reason for this extra speed was the use of transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Second-generation computers were smaller, faster. One of the best of these second-generation computers is the Soviet BECM-6 (big electronic counting machine). The third-generation computers began to appear in 1965. These computers could do a million calculations a second, which is 1000 times as many as first- generation computers; they are controlled by tiny integrated circuits and are consequently smaller and more dependable. Fourth-generation computers have now arrived. They are based on ICs greatly reduced in size due to microminiaturization, which means that the circuits are much smaller than before. As many as 1000 tiny circuits now fit onto a single chip. Fourth- generation computers are 50 times faster than third-generation computers. The most recent mainframe computers based on very large scale integration are becoming available in the mid-1980's. Each generation of computers has resulted from an advance in component technology, beginning with the replacement of the vacuum tube by the discrete transistor. A major advance in the development of computer technology was the creation of microprocessors and microcomputers. The tiny and versatile computing devices are able to control complex operations from the control and monitoring operation to playing chess.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

1. Yes: "Each generation of computers has resulted from an advance in component technology, beginning with the replacement of the vacuum tube by the discrete transistor.  "

2. No, ES computers were clones of the IBM System/360 and System/370 and were created to counter the West and their technological progress. ES series were operated in the USSR and the CMEA countries.

3. Yes, the last two sentences say: "A major advance in the development of computer technology was the creation of microprocessors and microcomputers. The tiny and versatile computing devices are able to control complex operations from the control and monitoring operation to playing chess."

Answer 2

1. Yes, each generation of computers has indeed resulted from an advance in component technology. The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes, the second generation used transistors, the third generation used integrated circuits, and the fourth generation introduced microprocessors and microcomputers. These advancements in component technology allowed for increased speed, reduced size, and improved reliability in each subsequent generation.

2. Yes, ES series computers were used not only in the socialist world but also in developing and industrialized capitalist countries. The mention of the Soviet BECM-6 (big electronic counting machine) as one of the best second-generation computers indicates that these computers were utilized beyond socialist countries.

3. Absolutely, a major advance in the development of computer technology was the creation of microprocessors and microcomputers. This breakthrough allowed for the integration of entire central processing units (CPUs) onto a single chip, leading to the development of smaller and more versatile computers. Microprocessors revolutionized the industry by enabling complex operations and applications in a compact form, from control and monitoring systems to tasks like playing chess.