Question

2.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты. метод осмотра, опрос, анамнез, брать, семейный анамнез, телосложение, хруст, крепитирующие хрипы, притупленность, необходимо, установить, выяснить, образец, мазок, цвет лица, записывать. 3 Ответьте на вопросы. 1 What are the usual methods of examination? 2 What does inquiry reveal? 3 What does inspection reveal? 4 What can be determined by palpation, auscultation and percussion? 5 How do the doctors take the patient’s temperature, measure blood pressure? 6 What is the patient’s normal pulse? текст: METHODS OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Before the treatment of a disease it is necessary to make diagnosis, to determine the cause of the disease, and all symptoms by which it can be revealed. Correct diagnosis must be based on a complete clinical examination of the patient. The usual methods of examination which doctors use in their practice, are: inquiry, inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion, taking the temperature, feeling the pulse, taking the blood pressure, making X-ray examinations and various laboratory studies. By questioning the patient the doctor learns about his complaints, the onset of the disease, his past history and his family history, hereditary diseases. Inspection is the method by which doctor reveals the appearance of the patient, his build, nourishment, complexion, the state of his skin, mucous membranes, tongue, pupils, etc. While auscultating the patient, the physician can determine the abnormal heart sounds, crepitations and rales in the lungs. By palpation the doctor determines elasticity or rigidity of the abdomen, the outlines or the enlargement of the organ, swelling, edema and existence of growth. Percussion reveals dullness of sound and distribution of fluids in the body. The temperature is taken by means of thermometer to ascertain whether the patient has or has no temperature. The blood pressure is measured by means of monometer to find out whether the patient is suffering from hypertension or hypotension. The patient's pulse is felt to determine whether the pulse rate is normal or accelerated. The normal rate is 65-70 beats per minute. The usual laboratory studies are various blood tests, urine analyses, stool studies and sputum, bile examinations. Patient’s swabs or smears are taken for cytological examination. If the patient suffers from any kind of allergy it is necessary to make allergy tests. Biopsy specimens are taken to detect the character of tumor. In order to detect lesions in the bones or tissues patients are X-rayed. The results of physical examination and laboratory investigations are recorded into patient’s case history.

Answer 1

1.

метод осмотра - a method of examination

опрос - inquiring

анамнез - past history

брать - to take

семейный анамнез - family history

телосложение - build

хруст - crepitations

крепитирующие хрипы - rales in the lungs

притупленность - dullness

необходимо - necessary

установить - to determine

выяснить - to detect

образец - specimen

мазок - smear

цвет лица - complexion

записывать - to record

2.

1.What are the usual methods of examination?

The usual methods of examination which doctors use in their practice, are: inquiry, inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion, taking the temperature, feeling the pulse, taking the blood pressure, making X-ray examinations and various laboratory studies.

2.What does inquiry reveal?

It reveals the patient's complaints, the onset of the disease, his past history and his family history, hereditary diseases.

3.What does inspection reveal?

Inspection is the method by which doctor reveals the appearance of the patient, his build, nourishment, complexion, the state of his skin, mucous membranes, tongue, pupils, etc.

4.What can be determined by palpation, auscultation and percussion?

While auscultating the patient, the physician can determine the abnormal heart sounds, crepitations and rales in the lungs.

By palpation the doctor determines elasticity or rigidity of the abdomen, the outlines or the enlargement of the organ, swelling, edema and existence of growth.

Percussion reveals dullness of sound and distribution of fluids in the body.

5.How do the doctors take the patient’s temperature, measure blood pressure?

The blood pressure is measured by means of monometer to find out whether the patient is suffering from hypertension or hypotension. The temperature is taken by means of thermometer to ascertain whether the patient has or has no temperature.

6.What is the patient’s normal pulse?

The normal rate is 65-70 beats per minute.

Answer 2

English equivalents:

1. метод осмотра - method of inspection
2. опрос - inquiry
3. анамнез - medical history
4. брать - take
5. семейный анамнез - family history
6. телосложение - build
7. хруст - crepitations
8. крепитирующие хрипы - crackling rales
9. притупленность - dullness
10. необходимо - necessary
11. установить - establish
12. выяснить - ascertain
13. образец - specimen
14. мазок - swab or smear
15. цвет лица - complexion
16. записывать - record

Questions:

1. What are the usual methods of examination? The usual methods of examination are: inquiry, inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion, taking the temperature, feeling the pulse, taking the blood pressure, making X-ray examinations, and various laboratory studies.

2. What does inquiry reveal? Inquiry reveals information about the patient's complaints, the onset of the disease, past medical history, and family history, including hereditary diseases.

3. What does inspection reveal? Inspection reveals the patient's appearance, build, nourishment, complexion, the state of the skin, mucous membranes, tongue, pupils, etc.

4. What can be determined by palpation, auscultation, and percussion? Palpation can determine the elasticity or rigidity of the abdomen, the outlines or enlargement of organs, swelling, edema, and the presence of growth. Auscultation can identify abnormal heart sounds, crepitations, and rales in the lungs. Percussion can reveal dullness of sound and the distribution of fluids in the body.

5. How do the doctors take the patient’s temperature, measure blood pressure? Doctors take the patient's temperature using a thermometer and measure blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer (monometer).

6. What is the patient’s normal pulse? The patient's normal pulse rate is 65-70 beats per minute.