Question

The telecommunications infrastructure of a network operator consists of a set of networks (transmission network, switching network, access network, signaling network, mobile network, intelligent network, management network), each performing a particular function towards the provision of the service to the customer. With the evolution towards IP-based network, the circuit switched network is migrating towards a new architecture called Next Generation Network (NGN) which emulates the behavior of circuit switching. With the advent of broadband access networks, the core network evolves towards IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) which provides IP-based multimedia services. The objective of this tutorial is to briefly introduce the telecommunication network structure to acquire the vocabulary of the field, understand the several types of networks involved in the operator’s “Telecommunication Network”, and gain knowledge on how these networks interface and interoperate. The various services supplied by each type of network are also emphasized. Another important objective of the tutorial is to introduce the evolutions of these networks and services on the medium and long terms. A Telecommunication network consists of two parts: • the “network” (transmission, switching, access, signaling, mobile, intelligent network) • the “business and technical information system” which consists of OSS (Operating Support System) and BSS (Business Support system). 1 Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) PSTN is the fixed voice network. It consists of the transmission, switching, signaling and intelligent networks. The transmission network enables carrying all kinds of traffic (voice, video, data). It consists of nodes called multiplexers and links among multiplexers. The goal of the multiplexer is to multiplex/demultiplex traffic onto/from the link. There exists three multiplexing technologies : PDH, SDH and D-WDM. The link technology is generally optic fiber but may also be coax, radio, etc. A transmission network generally consists of hundreds of multiplexers and tens of thousands of kilometers of optic fiber. The switching network enables switching the traffic from the sender to the appropriate destination. A switching network consists of switches. All switches rely on the transmission network which provides digital trunks. A switch receives traffic from the transmission network at input ports, applies the switching function which forwards the traffic to output port. Then, the switch relies on the transmission network to send the traffic to an adjacent switch. The voice network is using the circuit switching technology which provides voice services. A switching network operates in a connection oriented mode. That means that prior to enabling users exchanging their traffic, there is a need of reserving resources on the path between the sender/caller and the receiver/callee. To reserve resources, all switches on the path exchange signaling information. Signaling information is data. In the case of circuit Copyright EFORT 2010 2 switching, signaling data is carried over a separate network, i.e., a signaling network called Signaling System 7 (SS7). This is out-of-band signaling. The intelligent network is used in the voice network for the provisioning of services such as freephone, premium rate, virtual private network, account card calling, etc. It consists of a set of application servers containing service logic and service data.

Answer 1

Ответ:The telecommunications infrastructure of a network operator consists of a set of networks

(transmission network, switching network, access network, signaling network, mobile

network, intelligent network, management network), each performing a particular function

towards the provision of the service to the customer. With the evolution towards IP-based

network, the circuit switched network is migrating towards a new architecture called Next

Generation Network (NGN) which emulates the behavior of circuit switching. With the advent

of broadband access networks, the core network evolves towards IP Multimedia Subsystem

(IMS) which provides IP-based multimedia services.

The objective of this tutorial is to briefly introduce the telecommunication network structure to

acquire the vocabulary of the field, understand the several types of networks involved in the

operator’s “Telecommunication Network”, and gain knowledge on how these

Ответ:

 

Объяснение:

 

Answer 2

It seems like you're providing a comprehensive overview of the telecommunications network structure and its evolution. Is there a specific question you have or a topic you would like to discuss further based on the content you provided? Please feel free to ask any specific questions or provide more details if you need assistance or clarification on any particular aspect of this network structure or its evolution.