Question

Пожалуйста помогите Card 8 - «Earth and our place in it» 1. What is climate change? 2. What is the evidence of global warming? 3. How will the weather change? 4. What is the international community doing?​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. What is climate change?

• Climate change is a change of weather patterns around the globe. It includes long-term changes in average temperatures, as well as significant changes in rainfall and wind patterns specific to a particular region.

2. What is the evidence of global warming?

• There are quite a few signs of global warming. First, global temperatures have risen by 1ºC since pre-industrial times. Second, the ocean is getting warmer. It means that Arctic Sea ice is melting and, therefore, global sea levels are rising. Third, there has been an increase in the number of extreme events, such as abnormally high temperatures, intense rainfalls, floods and droughts.

3. How will the weather change?

• The weather will keep getting warmer. The global temperature has already risen by 1ºC since the late 19th century, and the process will continue.

4. What is the international community doing?

• The international community is trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In order to reach the goal, in 2016, 194 states and the European Union signed the Paris Agreement, an international treaty which central aim is to limit the global temperature rise. Also, developed countries committed to helping poorer ones, and all countries agreed to determine plans for emission reductions and report on the results.

Перевод:

1. Что такое изменение климата?

• Изменение климата - это изменение погодный условий по всему миру. Это в том числе долгосрочные изменения средних температур, как и серьезные изменения количества осадков и ветра, характерных для определенного региона.

2. Какие есть свидетельства глобального потепления?

• Есть довольно много признаков глобального потепления. Во-первых, мировые температуры поднялись на 1ºC с преиндустриальных времен. Во-вторых, океан становится теплее. Это значит, что арктический лед тает, и, следовательно, уровень мирового океана поднимается. В-третьих, было замечено увеличение экстремальных случаев, например, анормально высокие температуры, сильные дожди, наводнения и засуха.

3. Как изменится погода?

• Погода будет становится все теплее. Мировая температура уже поднялась на 1ºC с конца 19 века, и этот процесс продолжится.

4. Что делает международное сообщество?

• Международное сообщество пытается уменьшить выбросы парниковых газов. Чтобы достигнуть этой цели, в 2016 году 194 государства и Евросоюз подписали Парижское соглашение - интернациональный договор, главной целью которого является ограничение роста мировой температуры. Также развитые страны обязались помогать более бедным, и все страны страны согласились разработать планы по сокращению выбросов и докладывать о результатах.

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Answer 2

What is climate change?

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature, precipitation patterns, wind patterns, and other aspects of the Earth's climate system. It is primarily caused by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which release greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere. These GHGs, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), trap heat from the sun and cause the Earth's temperature to rise, leading to various impacts on the environment and human societies.

What is the evidence of global warming?

The evidence of global warming is extensive and comes from multiple sources, including scientific research, observations, and data analysis. Here are some key pieces of evidence:

1. Rising temperatures: Global average surface temperatures have been steadily increasing over the past century. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the period from 1981 to 2010 was likely the warmest 30-year period in the Northern Hemisphere in the last 1,400 years.

2. Melting ice: The melting of glaciers, ice caps, and polar ice sheets is a clear sign of global warming. Arctic sea ice has been shrinking at an alarming rate, and Greenland's ice sheet is losing mass at an accelerating pace.

3. Rising sea levels: As the Earth's temperature rises, the oceans expand and ice on land melts, causing sea levels to rise. This poses a significant threat to coastal communities and ecosystems. Satellite measurements show that global sea levels have risen by about 20 centimeters (8 inches) since the late 19th century.

4. Extreme weather events: Global warming is associated with an increase in extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and hurricanes. While it is challenging to attribute any single event solely to climate change, the overall trend of more frequent and intense extreme weather events is consistent with climate change predictions.

How will the weather change?

Climate change is expected to have a significant impact on weather patterns around the world. While the exact changes will vary by region, here are some general trends:

1. Increased temperatures: Average temperatures are projected to rise globally, leading to more frequent and intense heatwaves. This can have severe health impacts, strain energy systems, and affect agriculture and water resources.

2. Changes in precipitation: Climate change is likely to alter precipitation patterns, leading to more intense rainfall in some areas and increased drought risk in others. This can impact water availability, agriculture, and the frequency of flooding.

3. Rising sea levels: As mentioned earlier, global warming causes sea levels to rise. This can result in increased coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources, and increased vulnerability to storm surges.

4. Shifts in ecosystems: Climate change can disrupt ecosystems and alter the distribution and behavior of plant and animal species. This can have cascading effects on biodiversity, food webs, and ecosystem services.

What is the international community doing?

The international community has recognized the urgency of addressing climate change and has taken several steps to mitigate its impacts and adapt to the changing climate. Here are some key actions:

1. Paris Agreement: In 2015, nearly every country in the world signed the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. The agreement includes commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance climate resilience, and provide financial support to developing countries.

2. Renewable energy transition: Many countries are increasing their use of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. This transition helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promotes sustainable development.

3. Climate finance: Developed countries have committed to providing financial assistance to developing countries to support their climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. This includes funding for renewable energy projects, climate resilience initiatives, and capacity-building programs.

4. Research and innovation: Governments, research institutions, and private companies are investing in research and development to advance clean technologies, improve climate modeling, and find innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

It is important to note that while significant progress has been made, more action is needed to address the challenges posed by climate change effectively.