Question

Дайте и ответ и обьясните кратко почему именно он 14 If Frank…. us, we wouldn’t have finished the project on time. A wouldn’t help В didn’t help C hadn’t helped 15 We…….for three hours before we decided to take a break. A must be trekking В had been trekking C have been trekking 17 After living in London for a few months, Emma finally……driving on the left. A used to В got used to C was used to 19 ….Bob gets paid soon, he will not be able to pay his bills. A If В Unless C When 23 What time does the train … ……Bristol? A arrive В get C reach 24 Neither Annabel.. ……Sue has ever flown in a plane. A or В and C nor 25 Mr Adams speaks……..than anyone I know. A slower В more slowly C the most slowly 26 Sue wanted to change the appearance of her living room, so she ……. by a professional interior designer. A decorated it В had it decorated C had decorated it 29 The burning of fossil fuels has a bad……on our environment. A drawback В impact C fault 30 Mum advised me………the heavy box up the stairs. A not to carry В to not carry C don’t carry

Answer 1

Ответы:

• 14) c — hadn't helped
• 15) b — had been trekking
• 17) b — got used to
• 19) b — unless
• 23) c — reach
• 24) c — nor
• 25) a — slower
• 26) b — had it decorated
• 29) b — impact
• 30) a — not to carry

Пояснения:

14) If Frank hadn't helped. us, we wouldn’t have finished the project on time.

• A) wouldn’t help В) didn’t help C) hadn’t helped

Третий тип условных предложений (Third Conditional — unreal past) строится по схеме If + Past Perfect либо Past Perfect Continuous + would/could/might + have + Past Participle (3-я форма глагола). В нашем случае в первой части ставится Past Perfect, т.к. акцент ставится на результате, а не на продолжительности.

15) We had been trekking for three hours before we decided to take a break.

• A) must be trekking В) had been trekking C) have been trekking

Пропущенное действие предшествует действию во второй части предложения (we <...> before we decided) + подразумевается продолжительное действие (for three hours) => ставим Past Perfect Continuous.

17) After living in London for a few months, Emma finally got used to driving on the left.

• A) used to В) got used to C) was used to

To get used to — приспособиться. После нескольких месяцев жизни в Лондоне Эмма наконец приспособилась к левостороннему движению.

19) Unless Bob gets paid soon, he will not be able to pay his bills.

• A) If В) Unless C) When

Подбираем по контексту: Если Бобу не заплатят в ближайшее время, он не сможет оплачивать свои счета.

23) What time does the train reach Bristol?

• A) arrive В) get C) reach

Arrive не подходит, поскольку после него ставится частица to. Get в данном контексте не может быть использован по смыслу. Остается reach — прибыть.

24) Neither Annabel nor Sue has ever flown in a plane.

• A) or В) and C) nor

Конструкция neither <...> nor <...> — ни <...>, ни <...>.

25) Mr Adams speaks slower than anyone I know.

• A) slower В) more slowly C) the most slowly

Сравнительная степень прилагательных в односложных словах (slow — один слог) образуется с помощью суффикса -er.

26) Sue wanted to change the appearance of her living room, so she had it decorated by a professional interior designer.

• A) decorated it В) had it decorated C) had decorated it

Если речь идет о том, что кто-то что-либо сделал для кого-либо (то есть какое-то действие было совершено "с помощью" кого-либо), используется конструкция  have + object (т.е. объект, на который было направлено действие) + Ved (глагол с окончанием -ed) — дизайнер декорировал комнату для Сью.

29) The burning of fossil fuels has a bad impact on our environment.

• A) drawback В) impact C) fault

Drawback — недостаток, изъян; fault — ошибка, дефект; impact — влияние, воздействие.

30) Mum advised me not to carry the heavy box up the stairs.

• A) not to carry В) to not carry C) don’t carry

При переводе прямой речи в косвенную don't меняется на not to (если это предложение перевести в прямую речь, получится Mum advised me, "Don't carry the heavy box up the stairs").

Answer 2

14. C) hadn't helped

The correct answer is "C) hadn't helped" because the sentence is in the past unreal conditional form. It suggests that Frank didn't help, which resulted in not finishing the project on time. The past perfect tense "hadn't helped" is used to indicate an action that didn't happen in the past, leading to a different outcome.

15. B) had been trekking

The correct answer is "B) had been trekking" because the sentence refers to an action that occurred before another past action. The past perfect continuous tense "had been trekking" is used to describe an action that started in the past and continued up until another point in the past.

17. B) got used to

The correct answer is "B) got used to" because it indicates Emma's adaptation to driving on the left side after living in London for a few months. "Got used to" means becoming accustomed to or familiar with something over time.

19. B) Unless

The correct answer is "B) Unless" because it introduces a condition that must be fulfilled for a particular outcome to happen. The sentence suggests that if Bob doesn't get paid soon, he won't be able to pay his bills.

23. A) arrive

The correct answer is "A) arrive" because it is the most commonly used verb to describe the train's action of reaching Bristol. While "get" and "reach" can also be used in some contexts, "arrive" is the most appropriate verb for this sentence.

24. C) nor

The correct answer is "C) nor" because it connects two negative elements ("Annabel" and "Sue") to indicate that both of them have never flown in a plane. "Nor" is used to link negative alternatives in a sentence.

25. B) more slowly

The correct answer is "B) more slowly" because it compares the speed of Mr. Adams' speaking to others. The comparative form of the adverb "slowly" is used, indicating a higher degree of slowness than anyone else.

26. B) had it decorated

The correct answer is "B) had it decorated" because it describes the action of Sue arranging for her living room to be decorated by a professional interior designer. The causative structure "had + object + past participle" is used to indicate that someone arranged for someone else to perform an action.

29. B) impact

The correct answer is "B) impact" because it refers to the negative effect or influence that the burning of fossil fuels has on the environment. "Impact" is commonly used to describe the consequences or results of an action.

30. A) not to carry

The correct answer is "A) not to carry" because it is the correct form of advice given by the mother. The infinitive form "to carry" is negated with "not" to express the advice or recommendation to avoid carrying the heavy box up the stairs.