Question

Физические и химические свойства Галогенов???

Answer 1

Физические: в твердом состоянии F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 имеют  молекулярные кристаллические решетки. Фтор F2 -газ, не сжигающийся при обычной температуре, светло-желтого цвета, с резким ,раздражающим запахом. 
Хлор Cl2- газ, сжижающийся при обычной температуре, желто зеленого цвета, с резким удушливым запахом.
Бром Br2 - жидкость буровато коричневого цвета с резким зловонным запахом.
Йод  I2-твердое вещество, способное к возгонке черно серого цвета с металлическим блеском (пары фиолетовые).

Answer 2

Physical and Chemical Properties of Halogens

Halogens are a group of non-metal elements in Group 17 (VIIA) of the periodic table. The halogen group consists of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). Each halogen has its own unique physical and chemical properties.

1. Physical Properties: - State: At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine and astatine are solids. - Source: - Color: Fluorine is a pale yellow gas, chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas, bromine is a reddish-brown liquid, iodine is a lustrous purple-black solid, and astatine is a black solid. - Source: - Odor: Halogens have distinct odors. For example, chlorine has a pungent odor, while bromine has a strong, unpleasant odor. - Source: - Melting and Boiling Points: The melting and boiling points of halogens increase as you move down the group. For example, fluorine has the lowest melting and boiling points, while astatine has the highest. - Source: 2. Chemical Properties: - Reactivity: Halogens are highly reactive and readily form compounds with other elements. They are known for their ability to gain an electron to achieve a full outer shell, making them strong oxidizing agents. - Source: - Acidity: Halogens can form acids when combined with hydrogen. For example, hydrogen fluoride forms hydrofluoric acid, and hydrogen chloride forms hydrochloric acid. - Source: - Toxicity: Halogens and their compounds can be toxic. For example, chlorine gas is toxic and can cause respiratory problems, while iodine can be toxic in large amounts. - Source: - Fluorine's Uniqueness: Fluorine is the most reactive and electronegative of all the elements, and it forms compounds with nearly all other elements. - Source: In summary, halogens exhibit diverse physical states, colors, and odors, and they are highly reactive elements with distinct chemical properties, making them important components in various industrial and biological processes.