Question

Мендель скрестил два сорта гороха с желтыми и зелёными семенами. что он получил в F1. какой он делает вывод (выводит закон?) объясните полученные результаты

Answer 1

При Скрещевание 2 гомозиготных особей отличающихся от друг друга по фенотипам в первом поколении все потомство от такого скрещевания окажется единообразным и будет нести признак только одного из особа который доминировал над другим

Answer 2

Mendel's Experiment with Pea Plants

Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and scientist, conducted experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century to study the inheritance of traits. One of his famous experiments involved crossing two varieties of pea plants with yellow and green seeds. Mendel wanted to understand how traits are passed from one generation to the next and whether certain traits dominate over others.

Results in the F1 Generation

In the F1 (first filial) generation, Mendel observed that all the plants had yellow seeds. This means that the trait for yellow seeds dominated over the trait for green seeds. The plants in the F1 generation exhibited a uniform phenotype, which means they all had the same observable characteristic (yellow seeds).

Mendel's Conclusion (Law of Dominance)

Based on his observations, Mendel concluded that there are dominant and recessive traits. In the case of the pea plants with yellow and green seeds, the trait for yellow seeds was dominant, while the trait for green seeds was recessive. This means that when a plant has one allele for yellow seeds and one allele for green seeds, the yellow seed trait is expressed.

Mendel's conclusion led to the formulation of the Law of Dominance, which states that in a cross between two individuals with contrasting traits, one trait will be dominant and the other will be recessive. The dominant trait will be expressed in the offspring, while the recessive trait will only be expressed if both alleles are recessive.

Explanation of the Results

The results of Mendel's experiment can be explained by the principles of inheritance and genetic factors. Each trait in an organism is determined by two alleles, one inherited from each parent. In the case of the pea plants, the allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over the allele for green seeds (y).

When Mendel crossed the two varieties of pea plants, he found that all the offspring in the F1 generation had yellow seeds. This is because the allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant, and even if the plant inherited one allele for yellow seeds (Y) and one allele for green seeds (y), the dominant allele (Y) masks the expression of the recessive allele (y).

Therefore, the plants in the F1 generation had the genotype Yy, where Y represents the allele for yellow seeds and y represents the allele for green seeds. Since the allele for yellow seeds is dominant, it determines the phenotype of the plants, resulting in yellow seeds.

In summary, Mendel's experiment with pea plants crossing two varieties with yellow and green seeds resulted in all the plants in the F1 generation having yellow seeds. This led Mendel to conclude that there are dominant and recessive traits, and the dominant trait is expressed in the offspring when crossed with a recessive trait.