Question

Что такое на самом деле темные пятна на луне?

Answer 1

Тёмные пятна на Луне, делающие её видимую сторону похожую на человеческое лицо, называются лунными морями. Они представляют собой огромные равнины. Как же возникли эти участки ровной лунной поверхности - ведь остальная часть поверхности Луны вся усеяна лунными кратерами - следами падения метеоритов?

Answer 2

Темные пятна на луне это впадины составившиеся на поверхности луны из - за падения метеоритов. Ученые стали называть их морями (впадины)  или горами ( возвышенности ). но в лунных морях нет ни капли воды. 

Answer 3

Dark Spots on the Moon

Dark spots on the Moon, also known as lunar maria, are large, flat areas on the Moon's surface that appear darker than the surrounding regions. These dark spots are primarily composed of basalt, a type of volcanic rock, and they are believed to have formed from ancient volcanic activity on the Moon. The dark color of these areas is a result of the basaltic lava flows that filled in large impact basins on the Moon's surface.

The lunar maria are visible from Earth and have been observed for centuries. They were named "maria" by early astronomers, who mistook them for bodies of water. In Latin, "maria" means "seas." However, it is important to note that these dark spots are not actual bodies of water but rather solidified lava flows.

Formation of Lunar Maria

The formation of lunar maria is closely linked to the Moon's volcanic history. Early in its history, the Moon experienced intense volcanic activity, which resulted in the formation of large basins. These basins were created by the impact of asteroids or comets colliding with the Moon's surface. When these impacts occurred, they excavated large craters and caused the Moon's crust to fracture.

Magma from the Moon's interior then rose to the surface through these fractures and filled the basins with basaltic lava. As the lava flowed and spread across the surface, it solidified, creating the dark, flat regions we see today as lunar maria.

Characteristics of Lunar Maria

Lunar maria are characterized by their smooth, relatively flat surfaces compared to the rugged, cratered terrain of the surrounding highlands. They cover about 16% of the Moon's surface and are mainly concentrated on the near side of the Moon, the side that faces Earth. The far side of the Moon has fewer maria and is predominantly covered by highlands.

The dark color of the lunar maria is due to the composition of the basaltic lava. Basalt contains minerals rich in iron and magnesium, which give it a darker appearance compared to the lighter-colored highlands. The contrast between the dark maria and the bright highlands is one of the most striking features of the Moon's surface.

Conclusion

In summary, the dark spots on the Moon, known as lunar maria, are large, flat regions that formed from ancient volcanic activity. These areas are composed of basaltic lava flows that filled in impact basins on the Moon's surface. The dark color of the lunar maria is a result of the composition of the basaltic lava, which contains minerals rich in iron and magnesium.