Question

Пояснити механізм акомодації ока

Answer 1

Аккомодация глаза — способность ясно видеть предметы, находящиеся на различных расстояниях от глаза. Физиологический механизм аккомодации глаза состоит в том, что при сокращении волокон цилиарной мышцы глаза происходит расслабление цинновой связки, при помощи которой хрусталик прикреплен к цилиарному телу. При этом уменьшается натяжение сумки хрусталика, и он благодаря эластическим свойствам становится более выпуклым. Расслабление цилиарной мышцы ведет к уплощению хрусталика. А хрусталик в свою очередь является биологической линзой, хрусталик составляет важную часть светопреломляющего аппарата глаза. Способность изменять свою форму позволяет менять хрусталику свою преломляющую силу (от 19 до 33 диоптрий), что обеспечивает фокусировку зрения на различно удаленных предметах.

Answer 2

Mechanism of Eye Accommodation

The mechanism of eye accommodation refers to the ability of the eye to adjust its focus in order to see objects at different distances clearly. This adjustment is primarily achieved by changes in the shape of the lens within the eye.

The process of eye accommodation involves the following steps:

1. Ciliary Muscle Contraction: When the eye needs to focus on a nearby object, the ciliary muscle, which is located around the lens, contracts. This contraction causes the ciliary muscle to relax its tension on the lens.

2. Lens Shape Change: As the ciliary muscle contracts, it reduces the tension on the lens, allowing the lens to become thicker and more curved. This change in shape is known as the lens bulging or lens accommodation.

3. Increased Refractive Power: The change in the shape of the lens increases its refractive power. This means that the lens can bend light rays more effectively, allowing them to converge and focus on the retina.

4. Near Vision: By adjusting the shape of the lens, the eye can focus on nearby objects. This is necessary because light rays from nearby objects diverge more, and the lens needs to bend them more to bring them into focus on the retina.

5. Relaxation of Ciliary Muscle: When the eye needs to focus on distant objects, the ciliary muscle relaxes, reducing the tension on the lens. This causes the lens to become thinner and less curved, reducing its refractive power.

6. Far Vision: By adjusting the shape of the lens, the eye can focus on distant objects. Light rays from distant objects are more parallel, and the lens needs to bend them less to bring them into focus on the retina.

The mechanism of eye accommodation is an automatic process that occurs in response to changes in the distance of the object being viewed. It allows the eye to maintain clear vision at different distances without the need for external adjustments, such as wearing glasses or contact lenses.

Please note that the information provided above is based on the search results from You.com.