Question

Верны ли следующие суждения о путях эволюции. А-сокращение численности вида венерина башмачка-пример его развития по пути дегенерации. Б-расширение ареала вида, увлечение его численности-свидетельство его развития по пути диверенци?

Answer 1

Оба суждения неверны
А - биологический регресс
Б - биологический прогресс

Answer 2

Evolutionary Paths: Reduction in Population Size and Expansion of Range

A. Reduction in Population Size: The statement that the reduction in the population size of a species, such as the Venus's slipper orchid, is an example of its development through degeneration is not entirely accurate. Evolutionary changes in population size can occur due to various factors, including natural selection, genetic drift, and environmental changes. While a decrease in population size can potentially lead to a loss of genetic diversity and adaptation, it does not necessarily imply degeneration. It is important to consider the specific circumstances and evolutionary pressures acting on the species in question.

B. Expansion of Range and Increase in Population Size: The statement that the expansion of a species' range and an increase in its population size are evidence of its development through divergence is generally accurate. When a species expands its range and successfully colonizes new habitats, it can lead to the formation of new populations that may undergo genetic divergence over time. This process, known as divergent evolution, can result in the development of distinct subspecies or even new species. The expansion of range and increase in population size provide opportunities for genetic variation, adaptation to different environments, and the potential for speciation.

It is important to note that these statements are generalizations, and the specific evolutionary paths of species can vary depending on various factors, including environmental conditions, genetic variation, and selective pressures. Evolution is a complex and dynamic process, and multiple factors can influence the direction and outcome of evolutionary change.

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