Question

Скажите,что означает процесс фотосинтеза? заранее спасибо!

Answer 1

Это процесс пластического обмена,проходящий в хлоропластах

или

сложный процесс образования органического вещества(сахара) из неорганических (co2 и h2o) под воздействием солнечной энергии.

Answer 2

What is the process of photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose. It is a vital process for the survival of plants and is responsible for the production of oxygen in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the chlorophyll pigments found in the thylakoid membranes.

During photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, water (H2O) from the soil, and sunlight to produce glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The process can be summarized in the following equation:

6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2

The process of photosynthesis can be divided into two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).

Light-Dependent Reactions:

In the light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments. This energy is used to split water molecules into hydrogen ions (H+), electrons (e-), and oxygen gas (O2) in a process called photolysis. The electrons are then transported through a series of electron carriers, generating ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) as energy-rich molecules.

Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle):

The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts. In this stage, ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into glucose (C6H12O6) through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. This process is also known as carbon fixation.

The glucose produced during photosynthesis serves as a source of energy for the plant and is used for various metabolic processes, such as growth, reproduction, and the synthesis of other organic compounds.

Conclusion:

In summary, photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. It involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions, where light energy is converted into ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose. This process is essential for the survival of plants and plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.